characteristics of disorders Flashcards
What is a phobia and what are the DSM-5 categories
A phobia is an anxiety disorder
it is an irrational fear that produces a conscious avoidance of the feared subject or objects
categories
- specific phobia
- social anxiety
- Agoraphobia (public spaces / outside)
What is the behavioral characteristics of phobias
- Avoidance
- Endurance - increases anxiety and is an alternative to avoidance
- Panic (fight or flight responses)
. hyperventilation, crying, shaking
What are the emotional characteristics of phobias
- Anxiety - high negative state of high arousal - cannot relax
- Fear
What are the cognitive characteristics of phobias
- selective attention - keep your focus on the stimulus incase it poses any threat
- irrational belief - illogical and no evidence for it
- Cognitive distortions - blow it out of proportion
What is depression and what are the DSM-5 categories
Mood disorder
characterized by changes to mood
categories :
- major depressive disorder - severe but short
- Persistent depressive disorder - Long -term
- Disruptive depressive behavior - childhood temper tantrums
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder - disruption to mood before/after mensuration
What is the behavioral characteristics of depression
- Activity levels disrupted - people not getting out of bed so no work - psychomotor agitation people struggle to relax
- Disruption to sleep and eating behavior
- Aggression and self-harm
What is the emotional characteristics of depression
- lowered mood - feeling worthless/empty
- Anger
- lowered self-esteem - hating yourself
What is the cognitive characteristics of depression
- Poor concentration
- Dwelling on the negative
- Absolutist thinking - everything is either good or bad
what is OCD?
- what does it stand for and does it come from
An anxiety disorder
. Obsessive - persistent thought the internal component causing anxiety
. Compulsive- compulsions which are external components causing compulsive behaviour giving temporary relief
. Disorder
what are the behavioural characteristics of OCD
- Repetitive compulsions
- compulsions reducing anxiety
- Avoidance e.g. avoiding germs
What are the emotional characteristics of OCD
- Anxiety and distress
- Accompanying depression
- guilt and disgust (about a thing or yourself)
What are the cognitive characteristics of OCD
- obsessive thoughts
- Cognitive coping strategies
- Insite into excessive anxiety awareness thoughts are not rational
