characteristics of disorders Flashcards
what is meant by a phobia?
A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder, usually defined as a persistent fear of an object or situation in which the sufferer commits to great lengths in avoiding, typically disproportional to the actual danger posed, often being recognized as irrational
what is meant by depression?
Depression is a mood disorder where an individual feels sad and/or lacks interest in their usual activities. Further characteristics include irrational negative thoughts, raised or lowered activity level and difficulties with concentration, sleep and eating. This occurs within approximately 2.6% of the population. There are different types of depression including: major depression, persistent depression (long term), unipolar depression and bi-polar depression
what is meant by OCD?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder where anxiety arises from obsessions (persistent thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviours). Compulsions are a response to obsessions and the person believes that they will relive the obsessions. This illness affects approximately 1.3% of the population. This disorder has often been described to feel like things are going around and around in circles
what are the emotional characteristics of a phobia?
These different emotions are caused by the presence of the stimuli (phobic object).* Fear - this tends to be persistent, excessive and unreasonable* Anxiety - a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.* Panic - sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety, often causing wildly unthinking behaviour.
what are the emotional characteristics of depression?
A formal diagnosis would mean there must be at least five symptoms:
* Sadness
* Loss of interest from usual activities.
* Lack of pleasure from normal activities
* Feeling empty
* Feeling worthless
* Feeling hopeless
* Low self-esteem
* Anger
what are the emotional characteristics of OCD
For this disorder, obsessions and compulsions cause:
* Anxiety
* Distress
* Embarrassment
* Shame
what are the cognitive characteristics of a phobia?
This is to do with the thought processes of the individual.
* Irrational - their thoughts are not rational meaning that they are not logical or reasonable in nature. They believe is likely to happen when factually, it is not.
* Recognition of Excessiveness -they realise that their fear is more excessive than normal.
* Recognition of Unreasonableness- they realise that it is unreasonable to be fearful of said phobia
what are the cognitive characteristics of depression?
Depression is generally associated with irrational thoughts that are negative in nature but here are some examples:
* Negative self-beliefs
* Guilt
* Worthlessness
* Negative view of the world
what are the cognitive characteristics of OCD?
Cognitive characteristics are everyday thoughts that occur to the individual. These are excessive and unreasonable and the person will recognise it towards the end. They include:
* Intrusive thoughts
* Impulses that are forbidden
* Doubts
* Repetitive thoughts
what are the behavioural characteristics of a phobia?
These characteristics interferes with routine, occupation, social activities and even relationships. This is a factor which makes them a genuine mental illness
.* Avoidance - to stay away from something (at all costs).
* Freeze - to stand still in a state of panic.
* Feel Faint - to feel weak and dizzy before possibly dropping to the floor
what are the behavioural characteristics of depression?
Behavioural characteristics vary from person to person:
* Activity level
* Reduced energy
* Tiredness or restless
* Some sleep a lot
* Others cannot sleep at all
* Loss of appetite
what are the behavioural characteristics of OCD?
Compulsions are produced to reduce anxiety created by obsessions. Patients feel like they are compelled to perform these actions in fear of something dreadful happening. Examples include:
* Washing
* Counting
* Praying
* Check in
