Characteristics of criminal behaviour Flashcards
What are the official crime statistics based off of?
Any incident reported to the police or when the police observe or discover an offence.
What year did the UK Home Office start producing annual official crime statistics for England and Wales?
1805.
What year did The Crime Survey for England and Wales start?
1982.
What year did the Crime survey start to repeat annually?
2001.
What does gathering data for the Crime Survey involve?
Sample of about 50,000 households (everyone aged 16 and over).
Sample is interviewed.
There is a smaller sample of 10-15 year olds who are also involved.
Sample is selected randomly from the Royal Mail’s list of addresses.
What years was the Offending Crime and Justice Survey carried out in England and Wales?
2003-2006.
What was the sample for the Offending Crime and Justice survey?
Initial sample = aged 10-65 living in private households in England and Wales.
Also a subsample of about 5,000 people aged 10-25.
This subsample was studied longitudinally up to 2006.
Farr and Gibbons (1990) suggested there are seven categories for different types of crime. What are they?
Property predatory crime.
Property fraudulent crime.
Interpersonal violence general.
Interpersonal violence sexual.
Transactional vice.
Order disruption.
Folk / mundane crime.
What’s the definition for property predatory crime and an example?
Person is involved in attempting to or actually taking the personal property of others without permission.
E.g. robbery.
What’s the definition for property fraudulent crime and an example?
Person is involved in deceit or manipulation with the purpose of converting property or services of others to their own use.
E.g. fraud.
What’s the definition for interpersonal violence general and an example?
Person is involved in actions that threaten or cause actual person harm.
E.g. kidnapping.
What’s the definition for interpersonal violence sexual and an example?
Person is involved in actions that threaten or cause actual person harm and contains a sexual element.
E.g. sexual abuse.
What’s the definition for transactional vice and an example?
Person is involved in “victimless” offences where there is a willing exchange of goods or services.
E.g. prostitution.
What’s the definition for order disruption and an example?
Person is involved in actions where there is no direct victim. but concern is raised about potential victims.
E.g. resisting arrest.
What’s the definition for folk / mundane crime and an example?
Person is involved in actions that range from minor rule violations to more serious offences.
Generally regarded as an inconvenience or nuisance, rather than a crime.
E.g. fishing without a license.
What does the Office of National Statistics do?
Collect and publish information about the different types and amount of criminal behaviour in the UK.
What two categories does the Office of National Statistics currently categorise criminal behaviour into?
Victim-based crimes.
Crimes against society.
What did Muncie and McLaughlin suggest?
Although most people consider themselves to be “law-abiding citizens”, the average person in the UK, if convicted only once for each type of crime they committed, would spend a total of 6 years in jail and be fined up to £61,000.
What’s the definition of crime?
Any act that violates the law as determined by the state.
(This means that at any time in history, some behaviours may be deemed criminal that we may not regard in the same way now).
What year was homosexuality illegal until?
1969.
What’s an example of a country where homosexuality is still illegal?
Egypt.
What’s a main problem with researching criminal behaviour?
We are not explaining one kind of behaviour.
It may involve violence against a person or a peaceful protest against a principle.
Within the range of criminal behaviour, there may be more differences between the characteristics than there are similarities.
