Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

aphasia > characteristics and types of aphasia > Flashcards

characteristics and types of aphasia Flashcards

1
Q

anomia/dysnomia

A
  • difficulty with word retrieval without a memory deficit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

speech fluency

A
  • prosodic, melodic characteristics of speech and articulatory agility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

phrase length

A
  • typically long in WA, CA, TSA, anomic
  • typically short in BA, GA, TMA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

paraphasias

A
  • speech errors
  • literal/phonemic paraphasias
  • semantic paraphasias
  • neologisms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

literal/phonemic paraphasias

A
  • sound substitutions
  • shooshbruss for toothbrush
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

verbal/semantic paraphasias

A
  • substituting word in same category
  • door for window
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

neologisms

A
  • substituting for nonwords
  • sklerver for hammer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

repetition

A
  • important for differential dx
  • relatively preserved or impaired
  • key feature for TMA and TSA is that repetition is generally spared
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

language comprehension

A
  • ability to decode and comprehend verbal input
  • rarely entirely preserved in Broca’s, although a relative strength, severely discorded in Wernicke’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

circumlocutions

A
  • talking around target word to convey meaning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

emotional lability

A
  • tendency to be openly emote, uncharacteristic of personality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

agrammatism

A
  • deficit in formulating and processing syntax
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

stereotypy

A
  • language output characterized by the production of the same word/set of words/non-words, regardless of intended meaning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

perseveration

A
  • present with almost all types of aphasia
  • recurrent perseveration: recurrence of a previous response to next stimulus
  • continuous perseveration: continuation of behavior when no longer appropriate
  • stuck-in-set perseveration: inappropriate persistence of a task/activity
  • semantic perseveration: repeating prior word semantically related
  • lexical/verbal perseveration: repeating a prior, unrelated word - most common in aphasia!
  • phonemic perseveration: response retains phonemic characteristics of a prior word
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nonfluent aphasia

A
  • generate few words or utterances
  • better comprehension than expression
  • frontal lobe/anterior/expressive aphasia
  • motor speech impairments can also create these deficits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fluent aphasia

A
  • speak with minimal hesitations/effort
  • impaired comprehension and meaning of spoken words
  • temporal/posterior/receptive aphasia
  • speak and write readily with normal prosody and rate
17
Q

areas the Boston classification system targets

A
  • articulatory agility
  • phrase length
  • grammar
  • melodic line
  • paraphasias
  • word finding
  • sentence repetition
  • auditory comprehension
18
Q

areas Western classification system targets

A
  • fluency
  • auditory comprehension
  • repetition
  • naming/word finding
19
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A
  • may be associated with damage to left inferior frontal lobe
  • anomia, short phrases that are slow and effortful
  • abnormal prosody and rhythm
  • telegraphic, agrammatic speech with poor repetition and phonemic paraphasias
  • relatively good comprehension, but not intact
20
Q

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

A
  • may be associated with damage to watershed region of anterior-superior frontal lobe
  • anomia, short phrases, good comprehension, effortful communication
  • similar profile to Broca’s
  • preserved repetition skills - hallmark!
21
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A
  • may be associated with damage in central or posterior superior left temporal lobe
  • poor comprehension of speech and writing, poor repetition
  • normal rate, phrase length, effortless, normal intonation/prosody and rhythm
  • anomia, high semantic paraphasias, perseveration, jargon
  • logorrhea/press of speech
22
Q

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

A
  • may be associated with damage to watershed region in left parietal lobe
  • significant anomia, poor comprehension
  • fluent and effortless speech with good prosody and grammar
  • semantic paraphasias
  • often echolalic
  • similar profile to Wernicke’s but with preserved repetition - hallmark!
23
Q

Global Aphasia

A
  • associated with massive damage to perisylvian region
  • profound impairment of all speech-language parameters
  • profound anomia
  • often nonverbal, or stereotypy only
  • poor prognosis, but may evolve to another aphasia classification
24
Q

Mixed Transcortical Aphasia

A
  • similar features to global aphasia, but with intact repetition
25
Q

Conduction Aphasia

A
  • may be associated with damage to left temporal/parietal lobes affecting transmission of info along arcuate fasiculus
  • fairly good comprehension and average phrase length with fluent production
  • anomia and literal/phonemic paraphasias that are often self-corrected
  • extremely poor repetition - hallmark!
26
Q

Mixed Nonfluent Aphasia

A
  • global aphasia that transitions to Broca’s aphasia overtime and during recovery
  • severe anomia, poor comprehension, poor repetition
  • patient recovering from global aphasia
  • stereotypical utterances with some sparse meaningful speech produced with effort, paraphasias, perseverations
27
Q

Anomic Aphasia

A
  • word finding difficulty, disrupting fluency
  • varies by lesion sites
  • average phrase length, good comprehension, intact repetition
  • high circumlocutions
  • occasional semantic paraphasias
28
Q

Crossed Aphasia

A
  • due to damage on non-language hemisphere, typically the right
  • rare, less than 3%
  • likely to have concomitant right hemisphere syndrome
29
Q

subcortical aphasias

A
  • lesion in subcortical or mostly subcortical sites
30
Q

Thalamic Aphasia

A
  • lesion in thalamus
  • anomia, variable phrase length and comprehension, good repetition
  • hypophonic, paraphasic, perseverative
  • bizarre word substitutions
  • grammatical
  • word finding problem, interrupting flow of speech
31
Q

Anterior Capsular/Putaminal Aphasia

A
  • capsular/putaminal lesions extending into white matter
  • similar to thalamic aphasia, but also with dysarthria, phonemic/semantic paraphasias, and inconsistent grammatical constructions
32
Q

Posterior Capsular/Putaminal Aphasia

A
  • capsular/putaminal lesions extending into posterior white matter
  • similar to anterior capsular/putaminal aphasia, but poor comprehension and repetition, with well-articulated, grammatical speech
  • semantic, phonemic, and neologistic paraphasias
33
Q

Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)

A
  • unique to other types of aphasias
  • dementia syndrome that is neurodegenerative
  • gradual onset of symptoms
  • symptoms progressively get worse; cannot be improved or stabilized
  • considered an aphasia because it entails a loss of previously acquired language abilities due to a neurological cause
  • deficits include: semantic, logopenic, agrammaticn 11

aphasia (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions