Characteristics and classifications of living organisms Flashcards
What does Mrs Gren stand for?
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
How is movement defined?
An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change in position or place
How is respiration defined?
The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism
How is sensitivity defined?
The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal and external environment
How is growth defined?
A permanent increase in size and dry mass
How is reproduction defined?
The process that makes more of the same kind of organism
How is excretion defined?
The removal of waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements
How nutrition defined?
The taking in of material for energy, growth and development
What is the binomial name?
Genus + species
Example: Panthera leo for lions, Homo sapiens for humans
Are viruses alive?
No
What are virus made of?
Viruses are not made of cells. They are made of a protein coat containing genetic material.
Can viruses reproduce?
Yes, however only by infecting a host cell
What are the 5 animal kingdoms?
Animals, plants, fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes
How is a species defined?
A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
How many chromosomes does a human have?
46 chromosomes
Describe what a chromosome is made from?
A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes
What is the name of the chemical that forms genes?
DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid
What are the 4 classes of arthropods?
Crustacea (crabs, shrimps, water fleas)
Insects
Arachnids (spiders and mites)
Myriapods (centipedes and millipedes)
What are the 5 classes of vertebrates?
Fish
Amphibia (frogs, toads, newts)
Reptiles (lizards, snakes, turtles)
Birds
Mammals
What features do all arthropods have in common?
Jointed appendages
Exoskeletons
Segmented bodies
