Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 6 Flashcards > Chapters 8/9 > Flashcards

Chapters 8/9 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not assessed with a tissue-equivalent (TE) phantom?

A

beam width

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tissue-equivalent phantoms are filled with a substance containing

A

graphite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following pulsed imaging techniques demonstrates the highest acoustic output?

A

Pulsed doppler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Test objects evaluate

A

detail resolution and beam resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A hydrophone is used in the following form

A
  • a small transducer element mounted on the end of a hollow needle
    -a large piezoelectric membrane with small electrodes on both sides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following pulsed-wave techniques demonstrates the lowest sonographic output?

A

gray-scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Doppler test objects and flow phantoms enable the evaluation of all of the following except

A

color doppler spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hydrophones are used to measure the acoustic output of various sonographic instruments.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Doppler test objects and flow phantoms are not able to evaluate gate location.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In soft tissue, a temperature rise is considered significant once it exceeds

A

1.5 degrees celsius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following describes cavitation?

A

bubbles in a liquid medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

No bioeffects have been observed in mammalian tissues that contained well-defined gas bodies at peak rarefactional pressure values (MPa) of less than ______.

A

0.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Plant studies are useful primarily for

A

understanding cavitational effects in living tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The extent of temperature rise produced depends on:

A

intensity and frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following pulsed imaging techniques demonstrates the highest acoustic output?

A

spectral doppler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

No bioeffects have been observed in mammalian tissues at mechanical index values of less than ________.

A

0.4MPa

17
Q

Attenuation in soft tissue is due primarily to

A

Absorption

18
Q

Which of the following relates to heating?

A

absorption

19
Q

A significant increase in the temperature of tissues close to the transducer is a result of ________.

A

Transducer self heating

20
Q

Bioeffects have not been observed in experimental animals with focused intensities below

A

1mW/cm

21
Q

ALARA

A

as low as reasonably achievable

22
Q

How do you ensure ALARA is being used?

A

-shorten exam time
-lowest output

23
Q

Which of following cannot be measured or calculated by a hydrophone?

A

Impedance

24
Q

Acoustic output is important when considering

A

bioeffects and patient safety

25
Q

The American College of Radiology (ACR Ultrasound Accreditation program requires at least ___ testing for instrument quality control

A

Semiannual

26
Q

Routine quality control testing is required by the

A

AIUM

27
Q

Biological effects have not occurred at temperatures lower than

A

39 degrees c

28
Q

Test objects are used by engineers rather than instrument operators.

A

False. Phantoms and test objects can be used by service personnel and instrument operators

29
Q

For exposure duration up to 50 hours, there have been no significant adverse biological effects observed from temperature increases less than or equal to 1.5 degrees C.

A

True

30
Q

Tissue-equivalent propagation speed in gel? Rubber?

A

-gel= 1.54mm/us
-rubber=1.45mm/us

31
Q

Graphite acts as __ within tissue equivalent phantoms?

A

Scatters

32
Q

Hydrophones measure

A

Period, PRP, PD, Frequency, PRF, DF, Amplitude, Wavelength, SPL, Intensity

33
Q

The echo- free (cystic) regions contained within tissue-equivalent phantoms are of various diameters and evaluate detail resolution.

A

true

34
Q

Bio effect is useful in ultrasound.

A

True

35
Q

Bio effect occurrence depends on

A

temperature exposure

36
Q

Bio effect is decreased using?

A

ALARA

37
Q

Tissue-equivalent phantoms are assessed with

A

-dynamic range
-contrast resolution
-TGC
-penetration
-detail resolution

38
Q

Doppler test objects and flow phantoms enable the evaluation of

A

-spectral-display speed calibration
-sample volume location
-penetration of spectral and color doppler instruments

39
Q

a hydrophone produces a voltage

A

true

Module 6 Flashcards (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions