Chapters 7-8

Question 1

Host, endpoint

Answer 1

A computing device

Question 2

Client

Answer 2

Intermittent connection, requests services

Question 3

Server

Answer 3

Stable connection, waits for service requests

Question 4

Core

Answer 4

Routers and switches

Question 5

Middle boxes

Answer 5

Firewalls, NATs, VPNs

Question 6

Protocol

Answer 6

Set of rules/standards that govern an interaction

Question 7

TCP

Answer 7

Reliable, has ordered delivery, congestion and flow control. Sets up a connection.

Question 8

UDP

Answer 8

Unreliable, unordered delivery, connectionless

Question 9

DHCP

Answer 9

Dynamically assigns IP addresses when a host enters a subnet

Question 10

Parity bit

Answer 10

A bit which serves to detect and sometimes correct bit errors

Question 11

Reason why signal gets exponentially weaker the further away from the source

Answer 11

Inverse Square Law

Question 12

Infrastructure mode

Answer 12

All devices connect to a central access point

Question 13

Ad-hoc mode

Answer 13

Devices communicate directly with each other. There is no central access point

Question 14

Mesh Network

Answer 14

A combination of both Infrastructure and Ad-hoc, devices self-organize to relay messages, with each device serving as a router and/or switch for the other devices that it can hear

Question 15

CSMA-CA

Answer 15

Listens before transmitting, requests to transmit, receives permission, transmits, receives ACK from access point

Question 16

Passive scanning

Answer 16

listens for beacon frames from access points, beacon frame includes the SSID of the access point

Question 17

Active scanning

Answer 17

Device sends a request for points to identify themselves

Question 18

Association Process

Answer 18

Device sends association request frame to specific AP, selected AP sends association response frame, the DHCP usually happens

Question 19

4G and 5G

Answer 19

IP cores

Question 20

CIA triad

Answer 20

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availiability

Question 21

Confidentiality

Answer 21

Only authorized persons should be able to access system

Question 22

Integrity

Answer 22

Only authorized persons should be able to modify data

Question 23

Availability

Answer 23

System needs to be accessible when needed

Question 24

Substitution cipher

Answer 24

Uses confusion

Question 25

Transposition cipher

Answer 25

Uses diffusion

Question 26

Stream cipher

Answer 26

Operates on one bit at a time, can only use confusion

Question 27

Block cipher

Answer 27

Operates on blocks of bits, normally described based on the size of the block on which it operates

Question 28

Symmetric key cipher

Answer 28

The same key is used for encryption and decryption

Question 29

Asymmetric key cipher

Answer 29

Two related keys, one for encryption and the related key for decryption

Question 30

Brute-Force Attack

Answer 30

Systematically trying every possible key until you find the correct one

Question 31

Break

Answer 31

Any attack that is more efficient than a brute-force attack

Question 32

Checksums

Answer 32

Produce fixed-size output no matter the input size, used to detect transmission errors

Question 33

SSL

Answer 33

Broken security protocol, do not use

Question 34

TLS

Answer 34

Transport layer security, provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication

Question 35

IPSEC

Answer 35

Network layer, provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Used in VPNs

Question 36

WEP

Answer 36

Broken wifi security protocol, do not use

Question 37

WPA 2 and 3

Answer 37

WiFi security Protocols which are good