Chapters 6 & 7 Flashcards
What does a mental status exam assess?
Affect, memory, orientation to time and place, speech, and appearance
What do personality assessments measure?
Relatively stable traits
What are the key components of the Temporal/Contextual case conceptualization model?
Affect, cognition/hot thoughts, behavior (somatic symptoms, self efficacy, readiness for change), genetics/heredity, biology, attitudes/values/beliefs, strengths & supports, relationships, culture, family norms & values, past influences, present influences/precipitating events, and future goals.
What are some drawbacks to the DSM 5?
- difficult to use with more than 1 diagnosis
- doesn’t help coordinate treatment plans
- categorical (yes or no, not continuous)
What is the purpose of case conceptualization?
To fill in any gaps left by the client’s DSM diagnosis. Helps the counselor more fully understand the client’s needs and provides a “blueprint” for how to interact with, listen to, and help them.
What are the steps to approach a case conceptualization?
- description of clients problems
- identify precipitating factors
- identify maintaining factors
- identify risk factors
- identify protective factors
- develop a hypothesis
- develop a treatment plan
What is a projective test?
The client “projects” unconscious feelings onto the assessment material (Ex Rorschach or sentence completion)
Why should you always identify the clients strengths and support?
- gives client hope
- helps you set goals with the client
- builds rapport and the client’s trust in you
How should you select your theoretical approach to each client?
Through themes that come up during case conceptualization.
What are the key aspects of a Solution Focused Brief Therapy approach?
-problems arise because client doesn’t recognize own resources and feels disempowered
-focus on present
-focus on solutions, not problems
“cheerlead” client, point out strenghts
What are the key aspects of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach?
- problems arise from client’s dysfunctional thinking patterns
- help client address and challenge cognitions
- thinking, feeling, and acting all affect each other
- find out client’s “payoff” for undesired behaviors
What are the key aspects of a Psychodynamic Therapy approach?
- problems arise from early childhood maladaptation
- use clients transference to help them recognize faulty relationship patterns
What are the key aspects of a Humanistic approach?
- problems arise from self-esteem issues
- relational; use relationship with client to change how they feel about themselves
- encourage client often
What are the key aspects of an Existential approach?
- problems arise because client is stuck on existential questions
- outward focus; discover “meaning”
What are the key aspects of a Family Systems approach?
- problems arise from issues embedded in family system
- change 1 part of system, everything else will change
What are the key aspects of a Post Modern approach?
- Narrative: encourage client to “rewrite” life story
- Feminist: account for client’s broader social context
What are the key aspects of a Biopsychosocial approach?
-contextual; we are embedded in multiple levels of systems
What are the levels of systems in the Biopsychosocial model?
- Microsystem: people closest to you
- Exosystem: indirect; things that affect those closest to you which in turn affects you
- Macrosystem: broad cultural messages
- Mesosystem: interactions between systems or people within microsystem
- Chronosystem: evolution of context across time
What are Prochaska’s stages of change?
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
What does the Inner Circle in the T/C Model represent?
The boundary between client’s internal and external worlds, and the interactions between those worlds
- symptoms
- coping skills and strengths
- readiness for change
- client’s life roles
What does the Triangle in the T/C Model represent?
Affect, behavior, and cognition.
What does the Outer Circle in the T/C Model represent?
The client’s multiple environmental and relational influences.
- interpersonal relationships
- culture, SES, societal norms, etc
- client-counselor relationship
What does the Timeline in the T/C Model represent?
Past, present, and future (context and setting)
What are key aspects of a creating treatment plan?
Individualized to the client, cooperative (collaboration with client), fluid and must be adjusted over time, and includes specific and measurable objectives.
What are the components of a treatment plan?
Problems, goals, objectives, and interventions.
What does S.M.A.R.T. objectives stand for?
Specific Measurable Attainable Time-limited Realistic
What is the “feedback loop” of case conceptualization and treatment planning?
Case conceptualization leads to treatment planning, which changes the case conceptualization over time, which changes the treatment plan… etc.
