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PSYCH 104 FINAL > Chapters 5 - 7 > Flashcards

Chapters 5 - 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Timing of Conscious Will

A

There is brain activity before the conscious decision to do something

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1
Q

Phenomenology

A

Experience + consciousness from a first person perspective
Edmund Husserl

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2
Q

4 Basic Properties of Consciousness

A

Unity, Transcience, Selectivity, Intentionality

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3
Q

Activation Synthesis Model

A

Our dreams are just random stuff from the brain put all together

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4
Q

Long Term Potentiation

A

Strengthening neural pathways by using them a lot which strengthens memory

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5
Q

Targeted Memory Reactivation

A

exposing to memory during sleep without waking you

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6
Q

Transfer Appropriate Processing

A

the way you encode a memory will help you retrieve it if you retrieve in the same way you learned

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7
Q

Retroactive Interference

A

New info interfering with old

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8
Q

Proactive Interference

A

old info makes it hard to

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9
Q

Hermann Ebbinghaus

A

“percent savings”

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10
Q

Edward Thondike

A

Law of effect
Animals and humans learn from consequences

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11
Q

Successive Approximation

A

Shaping

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12
Q

Edward Tolman

A

Ends-Means Relationship
Not just reacting to words but rather learning behavior as tools to achieve goals
Also believed we have cognitive maps

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13
Q

James Olds

A

pleasure centres are in the limbic system

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14
Q

Medial Forebrain Bundle

A

Dopaminergetric
Communication highway send pleasure signals

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15
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Dopaminergetric
Part that regulates bodily functions

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16
Q

Nucleus Accumbens

A

Dopaminergetric
Key spot for pleasure + reward

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17
Q

Schultz

A

Dopamine neurons crucial for reward prediction error

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18
Q

Reward Prediction Error

A

Process where brain notices the difference between expected and actual rewards, adjusting future behaviour

19
Q

Mirror Nuerons

A

Frontal (area 44) and Parietal (area 40)
When you are copying someone

20
Q

Instruction affects different Brain Area

A

Explicit - hippocampus + medial temporal lobe

Implicit - occipital lobe

21
Q

Cultural Impact on Learning

A

Westerners - analytic - looking at things individually

Easterners - holistic - looking at the big picture

22
Q

Ironic Process Theory

A

When you tell someone not to think about something you’ll get an opposite reaction

23
Q

Mental Errors from Monitoring

A

When you think about not doing something so much that you do it

24
Q

Kahneman’s System

A

1 - fast processing
2 - slow processing

25
Q

Hypnagogic State

A

Before sleep

26
Q

Hypnopompic State

A

After sleep

27
Q

Lucid Dreaming

A

Your prefrontal cortex is not usually active during dreaming, but for lucid dreamers it is, thats why they are aware that they are dreaming

28
Q

Gamma-aminobutyric

A

Regulates relaxation + anxiety

29
Q

Expectancy Theory

A

Placebo Effect

30
Q

Barbiturates

A

sleeping aids and surgical anesthetics

31
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Minor tranquilizers/anxiety drugs

32
Q

Semantic Encoding

A

Meaningful memories
Lower-left frontal lobe

33
Q

Visual Imagery

A

Mental pictures
Occipital lobe

34
Q

Organizational Encoding

A

Breaks things down (segmenting experiences) and then sorting
Upper-left frontal lobe

35
Q

Craik and Tulving

A

How different types of thinking affected memory + processing

36
Q

Iconic Memory

A

Visual Input
Lasts less than a second
Unlimited capacity (field of sensory)

37
Q

Echoic Memory

A

Auditory Input
Lasts 2-3 seconds
Unlimited capacity (field of sensory)

38
Q

Short Term Memory

A

Lasts about 18 seconds
Capacity 7 +/- 2 items
Attention is finite

39
Q

Long Term Memory

A

Lasts a lifetime
Capacity is unlimited

40
Q

Baddely and Hitch

A

Established that the short term memory had the working memory model

41
Q

Anterograde Amnesia

A

Cannot go from STM to LTM

42
Q

Retrograde Amnesia

A

Cannot retrieve memories from long term memory from before a specific date

43
Q

SDAM

A

They can recall memories but can “re-live” them

44
Q

Generalization

A

When the CR still happens even tho its a slightly different CS

PSYCH 104 FINAL (3 decks)

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