Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8

Question 1

Characteristics of healthy clinical tissue

Answer 1

• Free of inflammation and has not been altered by disease or trauma
• Appears uniformly pink
• Smoothly scalloped gingival margin
• Pointed papillae that completely fill the space between the teeth
• Stippling of the gingiva

Question 2

What does the posterior gingiva look in health

Answer 2

Gently scalloped margin

Question 3

Diffuse inflammation

Answer 3

Is throughout the gingival margin, papilla, and attached gingiva; extending to the mucogingival junction

Question 4

Increased fluid in papilla

Answer 4

Increased fluid enlarges marginal and inter proximal gingival tissues
Can be localized or involve the whole mouth
Bulbous, blunted, cratered, soft, shiny papillae, or smooth, shiny papillae

Question 5

What is the most common periodontal disease?

Answer 5

Gingivitis associated with dental plaque

Question 6

Plaque induced gingivitis pockets

Answer 6

1-4 mm; no attachment loss

Question 7

Puberty associated gingivitis

Answer 7

Signs of inflammation seem exaggerated in relation to the amount of plaque present —> hormones

Question 8

Pregnancy associated gingivits

Answer 8

An exaggerated inflammatory response

Usually occuring during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy

Question 9

Where is a pyogenic granuloma most commonly found?

Answer 9

In maxilla and papillae

Question 10

Pyogenic granuloma ( pregnancy tumor )

Answer 10

A localized mushroom-shaped gingival mass projecting from the gingival margin or gingival papilla during pregnancy

• Not cancerous
• Not painful and bleeds easily
• Regresses after giving birth

Question 11

Drug influenced gingival enlargement

Answer 11

An increase in size of the gingiva resulting from systemic medication

Question 12

Medications associated with gingival enlargement

Answer 12

Anticonvulsants
Calcium channel blockers
Immunosuppressants

Question 13

This is not necessary for gingival enlargement

Answer 13

Plaque accumulation

Question 14

Where is gingival enlargement first observes

Answer 14

Interdental papilla

Question 15

What part of the mouth is most commonly affected by ginigval enlargement

Answer 15

Gingiva on anterior sextants

Question 16

Gingival enlargement

Answer 16

Onset 3 months of taking medication
Exaggerated response of plaque
Higher prevalence in children

Question 17

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

Answer 17

Initial oral infection with herpes simplex type-1 virus

Redness and multiple vesicles that easily rupture to form painful ulcers

Question 18

Symptons of PHG

Answer 18

Fiery red marginal gingiva
Swollen papillae that bleed easily
Painful
Dehydration is a concern
Fever
Yellowish ulcers surrounded by red halo

Question 19

When is PHG infectious

Answer 19

During the vesicular stage

Question 20

Lichen planus

Answer 20

Disease of the skin and mucous membranes
Itchy, swollen rash on the skin or in mouth
Intense redness of gingiva
Ulcerations
Raised white lesions may be present

Question 21

Whickam Striae ( interlacing white lines )

Answer 21

Lichen planus

Question 22

Erythema multiforme

Answer 22

Disorder of skin and mucous membranes

Large red blotches, resembling targets, appear all over the skin

Question 23

Blisters and ulcers occur on the oral mucous membranes with crust formation on lip

Answer 23

Erythema multiforme

Question 24

Gingival diseases of specific bacterial origin

Answer 24

Characterized by a bacterial infection of the gingiva by a specific bacterium that is not a common component of the bacterial plaque biofilm

Question 25

Infection by a bacterium that is not usually considered to be a periodontal pathogen

Answer 25

Gingival diseases of specific bacterial origin

Question 26

Diabetes associated gingivitis

Answer 26

An inflammatory response of the gingiva to plaque aggravated by poorly controlled blood glucose levels

Question 27

Most common form of periodontitis

Answer 27

Chronic perio

Question 28

A bacterial infection resulting in inflammation within the supporting tissues of the teeth

Answer 28

Chronic perio

Question 29

Chronic perio

Answer 29

Common in adults over 35 but can occur in children and young adults Host response plays an essential role in pathogenesis Disease progresses at a slow or moderate rate Irreversible destruction of all areas of the periodontium

Question 30

Is the appearance of the gingival tissues always a reliable indicator of the prescence of severity of periodontitis?

Answer 30

NO

Question 31

Localized chronic perio

Answer 31

30 % or less of sites in the mouth have experienced attachment loss and bone loss

Question 32

Generalized chronic perio

Answer 32

More than 30% of sites in the mouth have attachment loss and bone loss

Question 33

Recurrent chronic perio

Answer 33

New signs of destructive periodontitis that reappear after therapy because - The disease was not adequately treated - The pt did not practice adequate self-care

Question 34

Refractory chronic perio

Answer 34

Cases of chronic perio that does not respond to periodontal therapy Continued attachment loss at one or more sites even though - therapy was appropiate and adequate - pt practiced good self-care

Question 35

Aggressive perio

Answer 35

Bacterial infection characterized by rapid destruction of - periodontal ligament - supporting alveolar bone

Question 36

Is aggressive perio more common or less common than chronic perio?

Answer 36

Less common

Question 37

Primary features of aggressive perio

Answer 37

Rapid destruction of attachment | No obvious signs or symptons of systemic disease

Question 38

What was aggressive perio previously known as?

Answer 38

Early onset perio | Renamed because it can occur at any age

Question 39

Secondary features of aggressive perio

Answer 39

``` Small amounts of plaque Elevated proportions of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomiton (Aa) Phagocyte abnormalities Lack of clinical signs Poor response to periodontal therapy ```

Question 40

Localized aggressive perio (LAP)

Answer 40

Onset of disease during puberty Localized, rapid tissue destruction around PERMANENT FIRST MOLARS AND/OR INCISORS Involving no more than two teeth other than first molars and incisors

Question 41

Frequently associated with Aa

Answer 41

LAP

Question 42

Classic radiograph sign of LAP

Answer 42

Vertical bone loss around first molars and incisors

Question 43

LAP was previously called what

Answer 43

Localized juvenile perio

Question 44

Generalized aggressive perio (GAP)

Answer 44

Onset usually occurs in people under 30 Generalized interproximal attachment loss affecting at least three permanent teeth other than the first molars and incisors

Question 45

What was GAP previously called?

Answer 45

Generalized juvenile perio or early - onset perio