Chapters 41 review questions Flashcards
The endometrium should be measured from __________ layer to __________ layer.
Hyperechoic; hyperechoic
Bending forward of the fundus and body of the uterus toward the vagina is called which one of the following positions?
Anteversion
The normal size of the menarchal uterus should measure ______ centimeters (cm) long and _____ cm wide.
8, 5
The superficial layer of glands and stroma of the endometrium is called which one of the following?
Zona functionalis
Which one of the following structures lies above the utero-ovarian ligament, round ligament, and tubo-ovarian vessels?
Fallopian tube
The ovary produces two hormones. Estrogen is secreted by __________, whereas progesterone is secreted by the ___________.
Follicles; corpus luteum
The endometrium demonstrates the “three-line” sign in which one of the following phases?
Proliferative
The retrouterine space is also known as which one of the following?
Posterior cul-de-sac
The pelvic recess between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis is which one of the following?
Space of Retzius
Abnormally heavy or long menses is termed:
Menorrhagia
Which one of the following ligaments provides support to the cervix?
Cardinal
Middle layer of uterus composed of:
Myometrium
Most common normal position of uterus is:
Anteversion
Which one of the following arteries sheds blood during menses?
spiral
Which one of the following muscle groups may be seen in the false pelvis along the lateral sidewall of the pelvis?
Iliopsoas
Which one of the following portions of the fallopian tube fertilization occurs?
Ampulla
Mature ovarian follicle is known as a __________.
Graafian
Which one of the following ligaments provides support to the ovary medially?
Ovarian ligament
the bony pelvis consists of four bones, they are?
2 innominate (coxal), sacrum, and coccyx
false pelvis
also known as greater or major pelvis, is located above the brim and communicate with abdominal cavity superiorly
True pelvis
AKA lesser or minor pelvis, area below the pelvic brim
Margins of the posterolateral wall are formed by the?
piriformis and coccygeus muscles
The lower margin of the pelvic cavity, the pelvic floor, is formed by
levator ani and coccygeus muscles (known as the pelvic diaphragm)
which muscles are along the sidewall of the pelvic?
psoas major and iliacus muscles (fasle pelvis)
which muscle is flat, triangular muscles that arise from the anterior sacrum and pass through the greater sciatic notch on the posterior aspect of the innominate bone to insert into the superior aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur
piriformis muscles
obturator internus muscles
triangular sheets of muscle that arise from the anterolateral pelvic wall and surround the obturator foramen.
Ureters run anterior to the internal iliac arteries or posterior?
anterior
Ureters run posterior to the ovaries? T or F
true
The Arterial supply is from vaginal and uterine arteries; drains into the internal iliac vein.
T or F
True
The Uterus is usually positioned ?
anteflexed and anteverted
uterus is supported by which muscles?
levator ani muscles, cardinal ligaments, and uterosacral ligaments
Round ligament hold the uterus in which position?
anteverted
broad ligaments
double fold of peritoneum that drapes over the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries
The upper fold of the broad ligament, known as the?
mesosalpinx
The posterior portion of the broad ligament that is drawn out to enclose the ovary is the
mesovarium.
round ligaments
are fibrous cords that occur in front of and below the fallopian tubes between the layers of broad ligament
cervix is supported in a fix position by ?
cardinal ligament and uterosacral ligament.
When body and fundus of the uterus are curved foward on the cervix
anteflexed
entire uterus may tip backwards rather than foward
retroverted
The uterine fundus or body may also curve backward on the cervix
retroflexed
The fallopian tubes lie superior to the?
utero-ovarian ligaments, round ligaments, and tubo-ovarian blood vessels
what are the 4 anatomic portions of the fallopian tubes?
infundibulum (lateral segment), ampulla (middle segment), isthmus (medial segment), and interstitial portion (segment that passes through the uterine cornua).
primary blood supply to the ovaries is from the ?
ovarian arteries
The left ovarian vein drains into the?
left renal vein
right ovarian vein drains directly into?
IVC
The blood supply to the uterus is the?
uterine artery
Blood supply to the endometrium by?
radial arteries
which arteries is shed during menses?
spiral arteries
dymenorrhea means?
painful periods
oligomenorrhea means?
abnormally short or light periods
menorrhagia means?
abnormally heavy/long periods
before ovulation, endometrium avg. measures?
6 to 10 mm
proliferative phase the endometrium will avg. measure ?
4 to 8 mm
