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Chemistry > Chapters 4-9 > Flashcards

Chapters 4-9 Flashcards

1
Q

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

A

Protons and neutrons

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2
Q

The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?

A

Protons

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3
Q

What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?

A

The mass number

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4
Q

What is the mass number made of?

A

Protons+neutrons

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5
Q

How does the energy of an electron change when the electron moves closer to the nucleus?

A

It decreases

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6
Q

The principal quantum number indicates what property of an electron?

A

Energy level

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7
Q

How many energy sub levels are in the second principle energy level?

A

2

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8
Q

What is the maximum number of F orbitals in any single energy level in an atom?

A

7

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9
Q

What is the maximum number of D orbitals in a principal energy level?

A

5

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10
Q

What is the maximum number of orbitals in the P sub level?

A

3

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11
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in the second principal energy level?

A

8

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12
Q

When an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, the electron

A

Absorbs a quantum of energy

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13
Q

The shape of an electron cloud is determined by the electron’s

A

Energy sub level

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14
Q

The letter p in the symbol 4p^3 indicates the

A

Orbital shape

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15
Q

What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?

A

S, P, and D only

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16
Q

Aufbau principal

A

Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first

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17
Q

How does the speed of visible light compare with the speed of gamma rays?

A

Speed of gamma ray’s is greater

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18
Q

Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

A

Violet

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19
Q

Which electromagnetic wave has the highest frequency?

A

Gamma rays

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20
Q

Emission of light from an atom occurs when an electron

A

Drops from a higher to a lower energy level

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21
Q

As changes in energy levels of electrons increase, the frequencies of atomic line spectra they emit

A

Increase

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22
Q

Which variable is directly proportional to frequency?

A

Energy

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23
Q

Bohr’s model could only explain spectra of which type of atoms?

A

Single atoms with one electron

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24
Q

Each period(row) in the periodic table corresponds to a

A

Principal energy level

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25
Q

How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group(column) in the periodic table?

A

It tends to increase

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26
Q

Electrons

A

Mass: 0amu
Charge: -1

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27
Q

Protons

A

Mass: 1amu
Charge: +1

28
Q

Neutrons

A

Mass: 1amu
Charge: 0

29
Q

What is the atomic mass?

A

Weighted average of all isotopes

30
Q

4 quantum numbers

A

n
L
mL
mS

31
Q

N

A

Principle quantum number
Energy level
Any integer above 0

32
Q

L

A

Shape
Subshell
0

33
Q

L=0

A

S

34
Q

L=1

A

P

35
Q

L=2

A

D

36
Q

L=3

A

F

37
Q

mL

A

Orbital
Can hold 2 electrons
-L

38
Q

mS

A

Spin
No 2 identification electrons
mS=-1/2, +1/2

39
Q

Frequency

A

ν

Cycles/seconds

40
Q

Wavelength

A

λ

41
Q

Unit of energy

A

Joules

42
Q

Energy

A

E=hν

43
Q

Frequency

A

ν=c/λ

44
Q

Cation

A

+

45
Q

Anion

A

-

46
Q

Atomic size/radius

A

Increases downward and from right to left

47
Q

Ionization energy

A

Energy required to steal an electron from that atom

Increases from bottom to top, left to right

48
Q

Electronegativity

A

How much it wants to steal an electron

Increases from top to bottom, left to right

49
Q

Ionic compounds are usually in what state?

A

Gas

50
Q

What particles are free to drift in particles?

A

Electrons

51
Q

What characteristic of metals make them good electrical conductors?

A

They have mobile valence electrons

52
Q

What information does a molecular formula provide?

A

Number and kind of atoms present in a molecule

53
Q

What is shown by the structural formula of a molecule?

A

The arrangement of bonded atoms

54
Q

The chemical formula of an ionic compound shows

A

The lowest whole-number ratio between ions in the ionic compound

55
Q

What is thought to cause dispersion forces?

A

Motion of electrons

56
Q

Which of the forces of molecular attraction is the weakest?

A

Dispersion

57
Q

What type of ions have name sending in -ide?

A

Only anions

58
Q

Sulfur hexafluoride is an example of a

A

Binary compound

59
Q

Binary molecular compounds are made of two

A

Nonmetallic elements

60
Q

Diatomic elements

A

Hon halogens

61
Q

Steric number

A

Number of things it’s bonded to + lone pairs

62
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Have prefixes

63
Q

Ate

A

ic acid

64
Q

ite

A

ous acid

65
Q

ide

A

hydro- -ic acid

Chemistry (6 decks)

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