Chapters 4-6

Question 1

Single lens

Answer 1

enlarged image using one lens

Question 2

compounds magnification

Answer 2

two stage magnification with two lenses

Question 3

focal point

Answer 3

distance between two points of focus on either side of lens

Question 4

resolution

Answer 4

minimum distance two objects can be separated and still be seen as two objects

Question 5

ocular

field of view

Answer 5

lens that you look through

area seen through eyepiece

Question 6

objective len

Answer 6

closest to object and most important

numerical aperture is an angular measure of the lens’ light-gathering ability and it’s resolving quality

Question 7

tube length

Answer 7

distance from lowest part of objective to upper edge of eyepiece

Question 8

stage

Answer 8

where specimens sits

Question 9

condenser

Answer 9

obtain a bright field of view and improve resolution

Question 10

illumination types

Answer 10

critical and Kohler is

Question 11

critical illumination

Answer 11

concentrates light on specimen with condenser lens

Question 12

Kohler illumination

Answer 12

sets light rays parallel throughout lens

Question 13

Refractive index

Answer 13

Relative speed at which light moved through material

Question 14

isotropic material

Answer 14

same optical properties in all directions

Question 15

anisotropic materials

Answer 15

optical properties vary with incoming light and structure

Question 16

polarized light microscopy

Answer 16

exploits properties to discover structure and composition

Question 17

polarized light filters

Two types

Answer 17

polarizer and analyzer

Question 18

polarized direction

Answer 18

only 1 direction

left to right

Question 19

analyzer

Answer 19

polarizing filter that is aligned right to left

Question 20

fluorescence microscopy

Answer 20

emit longer wave of light than they absorbed

Question 21

electron microscopy

Answer 21

employ a particle beam of electrons

Question 22

Transmission electron microscopy

Answer 22

electron beam passes through thinly sliced specimen

Question 23

scanning electron microscopy

Answer 23

beam of electrons rasters across specimen to provide non colored image

Question 24

highest to lowest wave

Answer 24

gamma
X
UV
visible
IR
micro
radio

Question 25

UV grouped with

absorption causes?

Answer 25

Visible light bc effects on matter are the same

shift in electrons from one orbital to another

Question 26

IR causes ?

Answer 26

causes bonds between atoms to vibrate

Question 27

UV instrument called

What can it do

Answer 27

UV/visible spectorophotometer

determine the exact color of object and the amount using what wave they absorb and reflect

Question 28

molecular fluorescence tests?

Answer 28

drugs, pigments, fibers

Question 29

infrared light and matter causes what to vibrate

Answer 29

frequency of vibration depends on the strength of bonds

quantized

Question 30

thermocouple

Answer 30

converts heat to electricity

Question 31

infrared microspectrophotometer

Answer 31

radiation channeled through microscope then object then detector

Question 32

mass spectroscopy

causes?

Answer 32

energy from lasers, that can be transferred to matter

fragmentation pattern

Question 33

ionization types are

Answer 33

electron
chemical
laser desorption

Question 34

separation of ions

Answer 34

magnetic sector mass spectrometry

Question 35

atomic spectroscopy measures?

Answer 35

elements, rather than characterize molecule

Question 36

atomic absorption

Answer 36

light absorbed by vapor at each wave

Question 37

plasma spectroscopy

Answer 37

energizes the atoms with energy from hot gas plasma

Question 38

Immunoassay

used to?

Answer 38

antigen antibody reactions to identify substances

drug screening

Question 39

Thin layer chromatography

Answer 39

Extracted into solvent and spotted on slide

color produced

Question 40

Ultra-visible spectrophotometry

Answer 40

drugs absorb light bc there is a peak absorbance

Question 41

Gas chromatography

Answer 41

separate components of analyte mixture using GC

Question 42

analyte

Answer 42

substance being separated