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Organic Chemistry 1 > Chapters 4,5,& 6 > Flashcards

Chapters 4,5,& 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

molecular formula

A

composition

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2
Q

how atoms are connected; bonding patterns

A

constitution

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3
Q

the three-dimensional positions of atoms

A

configuration

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4
Q

positions of groups with respect to bond rotations and other “easy” processes

A

conformation

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5
Q

molecule that is not identical to its mirror image and have no plane of symmetry; four different groups attached to tetrahedral carbon atom

A

chiral

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6
Q

molecule that is superimposable on its mirror image and has a plane of symmetry

A

achiral

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7
Q

mirror images that are not superimposable

A

enantiomers

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8
Q

carbon bonded to 4 different groups

A

chiral carbon

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9
Q

an internal reflection plane

A

plane of symmetry

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10
Q

a point through which all atoms are projected

A

inversion center

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11
Q
  1. Prioritize groups by atomic number (higher # = higher priority)
  2. Point lowest priority group away from you to generate a half newman projection
  3. Examine direction of rotation (Clockwise = R ; Counterclockwise = S)
A

Cahn Ingold Prelog R,S Notation

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12
Q

cis and trans isomers are related as

A

diastereomers

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13
Q

not mirror images and not superimposable

A

diastereomers

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14
Q

compound with at least 2 chirality centers but exhibits overall plane of symmetry

A

meso compound

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15
Q

what is the equation that determines the number of stereoisomers associated with a particular constitution?

A

2^n; where “n” is the number of chirality centers

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16
Q

separation via the differential interaction of enantiomers with a chiral nonracemic substance

A

resolution

17
Q

what types of molecules are considered functional groups?

A

alkenes, alkynes, and six membered rings consisting of sp^2 hybridized carbons in arenes

18
Q

R-OH

A

Alcohol

19
Q

R-Cl (or any other halogen)

A

Alkyl halide

20
Q

R-NH2

A

amine

21
Q

ROR

A

Ether

22
Q
A

Epoxide

23
Q
A

Nitrile

24
Q

RSR

A

Sulfide

25
Q

RSH

A

Thiol

26
Q
A

Aldehyde

27
Q
A

Ketone

28
Q
A

Carboxylic Acid

29
Q
A

Acyl halide

30
Q
A

Acid Anhydride

31
Q
A

Ester

32
Q
A

Amide

33
Q

Very weak nucleophile

A

RCO2H

34
Q

Weak Nucleophiles?

A

H20 and ROH

35
Q

Fair Nucleophiles

A

NH3
Cl-
F-
RCO2-

36
Q

Good Nucleophiles

A

Br-
OH-
RO-
CN-
N3-

37
Q

Very good Nucleophiles

A

I-
HS-
RS-

Organic Chemistry 1 (4 decks)

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