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PSYCH 1101 > Chapters 3-5 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-5 Flashcards

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1
Q

A micro sleep is___

A

a 3-15 second burst of sleep occurring in the midst of a wakeful activity.

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2
Q

Freud would be most likely to agree with which statement

A

Dreams are important clues to the content of our unconscious

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3
Q

Individuals with narcolepsy___

A

experience sudden episodes of REM sleep during alert times of the day

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4
Q

Enuresis is diagnosed when a child who is at least__ wets his or her bed or pj’s at least__ over a three month period

A

five year old; two times a week

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5
Q

You dream about a monster chasing you and you realize later that the monster symbolizes the research paper that you have due in one of your classes. According to Frued, this interpretation of your dream is called the____

A

Latent content

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6
Q

What do PCP and LSD have in common?

A

They are both hallucinogens

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7
Q

When a person begins showing withdrawal symptoms after stopping the usage of a drug, it is a sign the person has developed___

A

substance dependence

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8
Q

Alcohol is to___as caffeine is to___

A

Depressant; stimulant

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9
Q

What is the correct sequence of events according to drive reduction theory?

A

need, drive, behavior

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10
Q

Maintaining bodily processes at a state of equilibrium is known as achieving___

A

Homeostasis

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11
Q

According to arousal theory, those who engage in physical activities that are extremely risky or dangerous are___

A

seeking high levels of physiological arousal

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12
Q

The most accurate way to view Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is in the form of a___

A

pyrmid

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13
Q

Your friend Tyrone has a BMI of 32. Tyrone would be considered___

A

Obese

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14
Q

The physical desire to have sex is called

A

libido

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15
Q

Suppose your body is having difficulty maintaining homeostasis in temperature, thirst, hunger. This may be due to change in your___

A

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Sam recently lost his grandmother. Now Sam feels sad whenever he smells the perfume his beloved grandmother used to wear. In this example, the loss of his grandmother is the

A

US

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17
Q

Which of the following responses can be classically conditioned as humans?

A

fear

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18
Q

If you have developed an extreme negative reaction to chicken because it was associated with a case of the flu in your childhood, you have a

A

classically conditioned taste aversion

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19
Q

Wilson wants to use operant conditioning to teach his son to take out the trash. Every time his son takes out the trash, Wilson gives him a dollar. Wilson is employing what type of consequences?

A

postitive reinforcement

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20
Q

Classical conditioning is to ______, as operant conditioning is to ______

A

association of stimuli; consequences of behavior

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21
Q

Social learning involves

A

observing the behaviors of others and learning from them

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22
Q

in one of Albert Bandura’s Bobo doll studies, children observed a model behaving aggressively toward the Bobo doll without receiving any positive or negative consequences for the behavior. Later, when these children were given an opportunity to be with the Bobo doll, they tended to

A

act aggressively toward the Bobo doll

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23
Q

Nicotene is a

A

stimulant

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24
Q

marijuana is a__

A

hallucinogen

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25
Q

“The thoughts,feelings,and aroused states of which we are aware”

A

Consciousness

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26
Q

Jet lag is primarily a result of___

A

sleep deprivation

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27
Q

The idea that dreams are a way to consolidate what we have learned comes from

A

memory theory

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28
Q

Which disorder is common sleep movement disorder in which a person has unpleasant sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them to relieve the pain?

A

restless leg syndrome

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29
Q

When you develop tolerance for a drug, you need___

A

more of the drug to produce its desired effect

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30
Q

When you do not drink any fluids for several hours, you body sends information to your brain, causing you to be motivated to drink. This process is best explained by___

A

incentive theory

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31
Q

The arousal theory of motivation would have the easiest time explaining why a person would___

A

ride a roller-coaster

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32
Q

Doing a job well because you get to experience a sense of pride in your accomplishment is a good example of

A

inrinsic motivation

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33
Q

Sequence of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

physiological, safety, belongingness,esteem,cognitive,aesthetic,self-actualization,transcendence

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34
Q

ghrelin is a

A

hormone secreted by the stomach to stimulate hunger

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35
Q

release of ___triggers eating

A

ghrelin

36
Q

what is a common characteristic of a person with bulimia

A

average to slightly above average weight

37
Q

successive phases of human sexual responses are

A

excitement, plateau,orgasm,resolution

38
Q

learning is

A

a relatively permanent change in behavior, or the potential for behavior, that results from experience

39
Q

when a parent is talking on the telephone and suddenly turns toward the baby crying in the other room____ has occurred

A

the orienting reflex

40
Q

when your dog continually barks, you eventually pay less attention to the noise, this is called

A

sensory reduction

41
Q

pavlovian conditioning is the same as

A

classical conditioning

42
Q

when a stimulus that originally did not cause a particular response now begins to cause that response, _____ has occurred

A

classical conditioning

43
Q

when a conditioned stimulus no longer produces a conditioned response___has occurred

A

extinction

44
Q

If a behavior that has been extinguished temporarily exhibits itself again, this would be

A

a common event called spontaneous recovery

45
Q

in Thorndike’s work on the law of effect, he observed

A

cats learning how to escape a puzzle box

46
Q

Postive reinforcement is to______,as neg reinforcement is to_____

A

conditioning to increase a behavior; conditioning to decrease a behavior.

47
Q

B.F. Skinner introduced what concept to Throndike’s law of effect

A

operant conditioning

48
Q

myelin

A

speeds up neural signs

49
Q

within a single neuron, dendrites are___ and axon bulbs are____

A

at the beginning; at the end

50
Q

without an exon a neuron would not be able to

A

send neural impulses to other neurons

51
Q

Each neuron in the brain can potentially synapse with up to ____ others

A

10,000

52
Q

If Mary’s neurons were never able to achieve resting potential more positive than -70 milivolts

A

she would not be able to generate any action potentials

53
Q

when the inside of an axon has a greater neg change than the outside, it is safe to conclude that

A

an action potential is not being generated in that part of the axon

54
Q

refactory period

A

time during which a neuron is restoring its resting potential after an action potential has been fired

55
Q

a neuron firing an action potential is most like a person

A

firing a gun

56
Q

inhibition occurs when

A

a neurotransmitter makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to fire an action potential

57
Q

most drugs taken by humans primarily affect the

A

activity of neurotransmitters in the synapse

58
Q

the fact that we gain pleasure from eating and sex, relys on a neurotransmitter

A

dopamine

59
Q

chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is

A

glutamate

60
Q

endorphins

A

are a type of neurotransmitters that block pain messages

61
Q

the CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

62
Q

which of the following is not part of the hindbrain

A

hippocampus

63
Q

Of the following, alcohol primarily impairs the functioning of the

A

cerebellum

64
Q

recent research has indicated that the amygdala may play a role in how we

A

receive and respond to emotion-evoking stimuli

65
Q

based on the case of h.m. the hippocampus appears to be important in

A

forming memories for events

66
Q

the hypothalamus

A

serves as the point of connection between the nervous system and endocrine
helps maintain homeostasis
regulates importnat biological motives such as hunger and sleep
ALL THE ABOVE

67
Q

brook’s area is located in the _____lobe of the cortex

A

left frontal

68
Q

damge to wenick’e area typically leads to inability to ____

A

understand spoken lang

69
Q

more directly associated with perception than sensation

A

interpertation

70
Q

Weber’s law is more closely associated with

A

the just noticable difference

71
Q

Born without cone cells in her retina? what of her vision will be effected

A

color blind

72
Q

the primary colors of light are

A

green,red,blue

73
Q

The opponent-process theory states that

A

cells in the visual system are sensitive to two colors of light, but not at the same time.

74
Q

listenting to very loud music for a long time can cause deafness due to damage to the

A

hair cells

75
Q

which of the following is part of the middle ear

A

anvil

76
Q

place theory, frequency theory,duplicity theory, and volley theory, have all been provided as explanations for _____ perception

A

pitch

77
Q

“fifith taste

A

unami

78
Q

some researchers believe that humans,like animals have an ability to give off and respond to chemicals that can affect certain aspects of sexual behavior.

A

pheromones

79
Q

inner layer of our skin

A

dermis

80
Q

when you travel in the car you have a tendency to experience motion sickness. This is most likely bc you are especially sensitive to changes in your

A

vestibular system

81
Q

perception

A

interpretation of sensory info

82
Q

bottom up processing is to____ as top down processing is to____

A

properties of the stimulus;prior knowledge

83
Q

Which of the following is a binocular depth cue

A

retinal disparity

84
Q

Top down processing can lead to perceptual errors bc

A

our expectations can strongly influence what we preceive

85
Q

feature detection theory states that

A

our visual cortex has specialized cells that fire only in response to specific stimuli

86
Q

arrive at a party and notice 3 diff groups of people

A

proximity

PSYCH 1101 (2 decks)

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