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Health and Safety > Chapters 3-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-4 Flashcards

1
Q

Self-esteem

A

A measure of how much you value, respect and feel confident about yourself.

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2
Q

Self-concept

A

A measure of how one views oneself.

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3
Q

Integrity

A

The characteristic of doing what one knows is right.

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4
Q

Passive

A

A person who has a passive communication style, does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured.

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5
Q

Aggressive

A

To be hostile and unfriendly in the way one expresses oneself.

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6
Q

Assertive

A

The most healthy communication style. To express oneself in a direct, respectful way.

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7
Q

Empathy

A

The ability to understand another person’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes.

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8
Q

Mental health

A

The state of mental well-being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life.

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9
Q

Self-actualization

A

The achievement of the best that person can be.

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10
Q

Emotion

A

The feeling that is produced in response to life experiences.

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11
Q

Defense mechanism

A

An unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions.

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12
Q

Mental disorder

A

An illness that affects a person’s thoughts, emotions and behaviors.

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13
Q

Symptom

A

A change that a person notices in his or her body or mind and that is fused by a disease or disorder.

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14
Q

Depression

A

Sadness and hopelessness that keep a person from carrying out everyday activities.

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15
Q

Stress

A

The body’s and mind’s response to a demand.

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16
Q

Stressor

A

Any situation that puts a demand on your body or mind.

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17
Q

Epinephrine

A

Formally called adrenaline. One of the hormones that are released by the body in times of stress.

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18
Q

Eustress

A

A positive stress that energizes one and helps one reach a goal. It makes you feel alert and lively.

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19
Q

Distress

A

A negative stress that can make a person sick or keep a person from reaching a goal.

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20
Q

Resiliency

A

The ability to recover from illness, hardship, and other stressors.

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21
Q

Asset

A

A skill or resource that can help you reach a goal.

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22
Q

Prioritize

A

To arrange items in order of importance.

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23
Q

Grieve

A

To express deep sadness because of a loss.

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24
Q

Wake

A

A ceremony that is held to allow family and friends to view or watch over the deceased person before the funeral.

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25
Q

Funeral

A

A ceremony in which a deceased person is buried or cremated.

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26
Q

Memorial service

A

A ceremony to remember the deceased person.

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27
Q

Suicide

A

The act of intentionally taking one’s own life.

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28
Q

What are the benefits of high self-esteem?

A
  • Increased respect
  • Increased ability to reach goals
  • Increased willingness to try
  • Increased feelings of value
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29
Q

What are the risks of low self-esteem?

A
  • Feeling insecure
  • Disrespects self and others
  • Vulnerable to peer pressure
  • Feelings of no value
  • Depression
  • Fears failure
  • Use of drugs and alcohols
  • Feels pessimistic
  • Behaves destructively
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30
Q

Constructive criticism

A

Good advice on how to improve yourself

31
Q

How can you improve your self esteem?

A

You can use positive self-talk, act with integrity, choosing to support your friends, and accepting yourself.

32
Q

Self-talk

A

A way of coaching yourself about your own self-worth.

33
Q

What do you do when you have integrity?

A

You respect others, yourself and your values.

34
Q

Communication

A

A process through which two or more people exchange information.

35
Q

What are the 3 communication styles?

A

Passive, agressive and assertive

36
Q

Verbal communication

A

Refers to the specific words and tones that we use when we speak.

37
Q

Voice volume

A

How loud or soft you speak.

38
Q

Inflections

A

Tone and pitch or your voice, or emphasis in your voice when you speak.

39
Q

“I” messages

A

A way of talking that explains how you feel while remaining firm, calm, and polite.

40
Q

“You” messages

A

When you say something and it sounds as if you are blaming somebody else for something that occurred.

41
Q

Active listening

A

Letting the speaker know you are listening and clarifying anything that is unclear.

42
Q

Paraphrasing

A

Using your own words to restate what someone else said.

43
Q

What are the characteristics of people that are mentally and emotionally healthy?

A
  • A sense of control
  • Ability to endure failures and frustrations
  • Ability to see events positively
  • Ability to express emotions in a healthy way
44
Q

Psychologist

A

A person who studies emotions and behaviors.

45
Q

Hierarchy of needs

A 
Stage 1: Physical stage
Stage 2: Safety stage
Stage 3:  Social stage
Stage 4: Esteem stage
Stage 5: Self-actualization
46
Q

List the 11 defense mechanisms

A 
Compensation
Daydreaming
Denial
Displacement
Idealization
Projection
Rationalization
Regression
Repression
Sublimation
Substitution
47
Q

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)

A

Makes a person frequently inattentive or impulsively hyperactive to the point that he or she has problems accomplishing daily activities.

48
Q

Panic disorder

A

A type of anxiety disorder: The person may feel extreme fear for his or her life even though he or she is not really in danger.

49
Q

Phobias

A

Anxiety disorders characterized by excessive or persistent fear of something that may or may not cause real danger.

50
Q

Psychotherapy

A

A form of counseling received from a licensed specialist.

51
Q

Group therapy

A

Led ny a therapist. The therapist leads a group of people who have a similar disorder.

52
Q

Schizophrenia

A

When a person has false perceptions of reality. They have hallucinations and/or delusions. You can’t trust your senses.

53
Q

What are the 5 different types of stressors?

A

1) Environmental stressors
2) Biological stressors
3) Thinking stressors
4) Behavioral stressors
5) Life change stressors

54
Q

What happens to your body during the fight-or-flight response?

A

Your body provides you with energy, reflexes, and strength you may need to respond to the stressor.

55
Q

General adaptation syndrome

A

A model that describes the relationship between stress and disease.

56
Q

What are the 3 stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

A

1) Alarm stage
2) Resistance stage
3) Exhaustion stage

57
Q

What is the best way to make a schedule?

A 
Enter your priorities first
Be realistic
Prepare for problems
Make time to relax
Do it
58
Q

What are the 5 stages of the grieving process?

A 
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
59
Q

Cremate

A

To burn the body in intense heat.

60
Q

What are the ways that you can do to avoid stress?

A 
Take care of yourself
Learn to relax
Build resiliency
Change your attitude to become positive
Manage your time
61
Q

What are signs of suicide?

A 
Feeling hopeless
Withdrawing from family and friends
Neglecting basic needs
Experiencing the loss of energy
Taking more risks
Using alcohol and drugs
Giving away personal things
62
Q

Dissociative disorder

A

Want themselves out of their lives because other people have done things that make them unhappy.

63
Q

Paranoid

A

You don’t trust others around you.

64
Q

Munchauseins

A

They know that aren’t sick and they fake it. OR they do things that will make them sick. They like the attention that people get when they are sick.

65
Q

Munchauseins by proxy

A

When the parents make their children sick so they could go to the hospital.

66
Q

Proxy

A

A fill in or substitute.

67
Q

What are the 5 therapy types?

A 
Psychoanalysis- Talking cure
Drugs
Group therapy
Behavioral 
Shaping
68
Q

Myths about suicide

A
  • *Suicidal people are insane

* *Suicidal people want to die

69
Q

Inhibitions

A

Tells you that is you do something it might make you look stupid.

70
Q

What happens to ones inhibitions when they are drunk?

A

Their inhibitions are dulled and they say things that they always wanted to say but were to scared to do.

71
Q

What is the “Stress equation”?

A

Stressor
+ Stress response=threat
—————————————-
Stress

72
Q

List some diseases or disorders caused by stress

A 
Headaches
Cold/flu
Asthma
Back ache
Heart disease
Stroke
High blood pressure
Anxiety disorder
Insomnia
Depression
73
Q

Cortisone

A

Stress hormone. It works against the immune system when it has problems.

74
Q

What could happen to your immune system when you are under stress?

A

Your immune system can weaken and you are more likely to get sick.

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