Chapters 3-4 Flashcards
Self-esteem
A measure of how much you value, respect and feel confident about yourself.
Self-concept
A measure of how one views oneself.
Integrity
The characteristic of doing what one knows is right.
Passive
A person who has a passive communication style, does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured.
Aggressive
To be hostile and unfriendly in the way one expresses oneself.
Assertive
The most healthy communication style. To express oneself in a direct, respectful way.
Empathy
The ability to understand another person’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes.
Mental health
The state of mental well-being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life.
Self-actualization
The achievement of the best that person can be.
Emotion
The feeling that is produced in response to life experiences.
Defense mechanism
An unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions.
Mental disorder
An illness that affects a person’s thoughts, emotions and behaviors.
Symptom
A change that a person notices in his or her body or mind and that is fused by a disease or disorder.
Depression
Sadness and hopelessness that keep a person from carrying out everyday activities.
Stress
The body’s and mind’s response to a demand.
Stressor
Any situation that puts a demand on your body or mind.
Epinephrine
Formally called adrenaline. One of the hormones that are released by the body in times of stress.
Eustress
A positive stress that energizes one and helps one reach a goal. It makes you feel alert and lively.
Distress
A negative stress that can make a person sick or keep a person from reaching a goal.
Resiliency
The ability to recover from illness, hardship, and other stressors.
Asset
A skill or resource that can help you reach a goal.
Prioritize
To arrange items in order of importance.
Grieve
To express deep sadness because of a loss.
Wake
A ceremony that is held to allow family and friends to view or watch over the deceased person before the funeral.
Funeral
A ceremony in which a deceased person is buried or cremated.
Memorial service
A ceremony to remember the deceased person.
Suicide
The act of intentionally taking one’s own life.
What are the benefits of high self-esteem?
- Increased respect
- Increased ability to reach goals
- Increased willingness to try
- Increased feelings of value
What are the risks of low self-esteem?
- Feeling insecure
- Disrespects self and others
- Vulnerable to peer pressure
- Feelings of no value
- Depression
- Fears failure
- Use of drugs and alcohols
- Feels pessimistic
- Behaves destructively
Constructive criticism
Good advice on how to improve yourself
How can you improve your self esteem?
You can use positive self-talk, act with integrity, choosing to support your friends, and accepting yourself.
Self-talk
A way of coaching yourself about your own self-worth.
What do you do when you have integrity?
You respect others, yourself and your values.
Communication
A process through which two or more people exchange information.
What are the 3 communication styles?
Passive, agressive and assertive
Verbal communication
Refers to the specific words and tones that we use when we speak.
Voice volume
How loud or soft you speak.
Inflections
Tone and pitch or your voice, or emphasis in your voice when you speak.
“I” messages
A way of talking that explains how you feel while remaining firm, calm, and polite.
“You” messages
When you say something and it sounds as if you are blaming somebody else for something that occurred.
Active listening
Letting the speaker know you are listening and clarifying anything that is unclear.
Paraphrasing
Using your own words to restate what someone else said.
What are the characteristics of people that are mentally and emotionally healthy?
- A sense of control
- Ability to endure failures and frustrations
- Ability to see events positively
- Ability to express emotions in a healthy way
Psychologist
A person who studies emotions and behaviors.
Hierarchy of needs
Stage 1: Physical stage Stage 2: Safety stage Stage 3: Social stage Stage 4: Esteem stage Stage 5: Self-actualization
List the 11 defense mechanisms
Compensation Daydreaming Denial Displacement Idealization Projection Rationalization Regression Repression Sublimation Substitution
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)
Makes a person frequently inattentive or impulsively hyperactive to the point that he or she has problems accomplishing daily activities.
Panic disorder
A type of anxiety disorder: The person may feel extreme fear for his or her life even though he or she is not really in danger.
Phobias
Anxiety disorders characterized by excessive or persistent fear of something that may or may not cause real danger.
Psychotherapy
A form of counseling received from a licensed specialist.
Group therapy
Led ny a therapist. The therapist leads a group of people who have a similar disorder.
Schizophrenia
When a person has false perceptions of reality. They have hallucinations and/or delusions. You can’t trust your senses.
What are the 5 different types of stressors?
1) Environmental stressors
2) Biological stressors
3) Thinking stressors
4) Behavioral stressors
5) Life change stressors
What happens to your body during the fight-or-flight response?
Your body provides you with energy, reflexes, and strength you may need to respond to the stressor.
General adaptation syndrome
A model that describes the relationship between stress and disease.
What are the 3 stages of the general adaptation syndrome?
1) Alarm stage
2) Resistance stage
3) Exhaustion stage
What is the best way to make a schedule?
Enter your priorities first Be realistic Prepare for problems Make time to relax Do it
What are the 5 stages of the grieving process?
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Cremate
To burn the body in intense heat.
What are the ways that you can do to avoid stress?
Take care of yourself Learn to relax Build resiliency Change your attitude to become positive Manage your time
What are signs of suicide?
Feeling hopeless Withdrawing from family and friends Neglecting basic needs Experiencing the loss of energy Taking more risks Using alcohol and drugs Giving away personal things
Dissociative disorder
Want themselves out of their lives because other people have done things that make them unhappy.
Paranoid
You don’t trust others around you.
Munchauseins
They know that aren’t sick and they fake it. OR they do things that will make them sick. They like the attention that people get when they are sick.
Munchauseins by proxy
When the parents make their children sick so they could go to the hospital.
Proxy
A fill in or substitute.
What are the 5 therapy types?
Psychoanalysis- Talking cure Drugs Group therapy Behavioral Shaping
Myths about suicide
- *Suicidal people are insane
* *Suicidal people want to die
Inhibitions
Tells you that is you do something it might make you look stupid.
What happens to ones inhibitions when they are drunk?
Their inhibitions are dulled and they say things that they always wanted to say but were to scared to do.
What is the “Stress equation”?
Stressor
+ Stress response=threat
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Stress
List some diseases or disorders caused by stress
Headaches Cold/flu Asthma Back ache Heart disease Stroke High blood pressure Anxiety disorder Insomnia Depression
Cortisone
Stress hormone. It works against the immune system when it has problems.
What could happen to your immune system when you are under stress?
Your immune system can weaken and you are more likely to get sick.
