chapters 3 & 4

Question 0

balance of trade

Answer 0

difference in value between imports and exports

Question 1

mercantilism

Answer 1

economic theory that a country should acquire as much buillon as possible by exporting more goods than it imports

Question 2

salutary neglect

Answer 2

Great Britain’s policy in the early 1700s of not interfering in the American colonies’ politics and economy as long as such neglect served British economic interests

Question 3

staple crop

Answer 3

A crop that is in constant demand such as cotton, wheat, or rice

Question 4

triangular trade

Answer 4

trade between the Americas, Europe, and Africa

Question 5

gentry

Answer 5

in colonial America, men and women wealthy enough to hire others to work for them

Question 6

apprentice

Answer 6

person placed under a legal contract to work for another person in exchange for learning a trade

Question 7

self-sufficient

Answer 7

having the necessary resources to get along without outside help

Question 8

migration

Answer 8

movement of people for the purpose of settling in a new place

Question 9

itinerant

Answer 9

traveling from place to place, or on a circuit

Question 10

dissent

Answer 10

difference of opinion or belief

Question 11

Albany plan of union

Answer 11

1754 proposal by Benjamin Franklin for the creation of a grand Council of representatives from Britain’s American colonies

Question 12

prime Minister

Answer 12

highest official in a parliamentary government

Question 13

siege

Answer 13

tactic in which an enemy is surrounded and starved in order to make it surrender

Question 14

treaty of Paris 1763

Answer 14

treaty that ended the French and Indian war and in which France gave up it’s land claims in North America to Britain

Question 15

Pontiacs rebellion

Answer 15

1763 rebellion by Native Americans in the Great Lakes region

Question 16

proclamation act of 1763

Answer 16

ordered by the British king that closed the region west of the appalachian Mountains to all settlement I colonists

Question 17

stamp act

Answer 17

1765 law passed by the British Parliament that taxed newspapers, legal documents, and other printed materials in the colonies

Question 18

boycott

Answer 18

refusal to buy certain products or to use a service

Question 19

Boston massacre

Answer 19

incident on March 5, 1770, in which British soldiers in Boston killed five colonists

Question 20

first Continental Congress

Answer 20

Assembly of representatives from the colonies that first met in Philadelphia in September 1774

Question 21

revolutionary war

Answer 21

American colonists’ war of independence from Britain, fought from 1775 to 1783

Question 22

common sense

Answer 22

pamphlet written by Thomas Paine and published in January 1776, which called for American independence from Britain

Question 23

Second Continental Congress

Answer 23

Assembly of representatives from the colonies that first met in May 1775 in Philadelphia

Question 24

Olive branch petition

Answer 24

plea by the American colonists to King George the third in 1775 that he halt the fighting

Question 25

declaration of independence

Answer 25

1776 statement, issued by the second Continental Congress, explaining why the colonies wanted independence from Britain

Question 26

enlightenment

Answer 26

18th century movement that emphasize to science and reason to improve society

Question 27

natural rights

Answer 27

Rights that belong to people simply because they are human

Question 28

rule of law

Answer 28

a type of government in which decisions must be based on the law, not personal wishes

Question 29

casualty

Answer 29

military term for a person killed, wounded, captured, or missing in action

Question 30

loyalist

Answer 30

person who remained loyal to Great Britain during the revolution

Question 31

mercenary

Answer 31

A foreign soldier who fights for pay

Question 32

blockade

Answer 32

to isolate, or close off, a place from outside contact

Question 33

profiteering

Answer 33

selling scarce items at unreasonably high prices

Question 34

inflation

Answer 34

A steady increase in prices over time, reducing the ability to buy

Question 35

treaty of Paris 1783

Answer 35

treaty that ended the Revolutionary war and in which britain acknowledged American independence

Question 36

patriotism

Answer 36

Love of one’s country; The passion that aims to serve one’s country, either in defending it from invasion, or in protecting its rights and maintaining its laws and institutions and vigor and purity