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Fundamental Concepts Nursing > Chapters 20 & 21 > Flashcards

Chapters 20 & 21 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the most common accidents among patients

A

Falls, burns, cuts and bruises

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2
Q

What does RACE stand for

A

Resuce
Active
Contain
Extinguish

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3
Q

What is a biological agent, chemical, or condition that can be harmful to a persons health

A

Biohazard

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4
Q

What is the release of pathogenic microorganisms into a community to achieve political or military goals

A

Bioterrorism

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5
Q

What develops when most of all of the body is exposed to a high dose of radiation over a short period of time

A

Acute radiation sickness

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6
Q

Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain and oxygen saturation

A

Vital signs

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7
Q

Cellular chemical reactions in the body

A

Metabolism

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8
Q

Elevated temperature

A

Fever

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9
Q

What are pyrogens

A

Agents that cause fever

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10
Q

The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest

A

Basal metabolic rate

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11
Q

Heat loss occurs through what four factored

A

Radiation conduction convention and evaporation

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12
Q

What is pyrexia

A

Fever

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13
Q

Substances that cause fever

A

Pyrogens

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14
Q

What is diaphoresis

A

Excessive sweat production

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15
Q

A state of inefficient oxygen

A

Hypoxia

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16
Q

The volume of blood pressure pushed into the aorta per hear beat

A

Stroke volume

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17
Q

How to you calculate cardiac output

A

The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume

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18
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing

A

Respiration

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19
Q

Name the organs of the respiratory system

A

Nose pharynx lungs trachea larynx bronchi

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20
Q

What is systolic pressure

A

The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricle contraction

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21
Q

What is diastolic pressure

A

The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest

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22
Q

Excess fluid volume

A

Over hydration

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23
Q

What is tympanic temperature

A

Temperature taken in the eardrum

24
Q

Temperature taken under the armpit

A

Axillary

25
Q

What is core temperature

A

The temperature of the deep tissues of the body

26
Q

Above normal body temperature

A

Hyperthermia

27
Q

Sensations of cold and shaking

A

Chills

28
Q

What is defervescene

A

The end of a fever

29
Q

Gradual return to normal body temperature

A

Lysis

30
Q

Hypothermia

A

Below normal body temperature

31
Q

What is the apex

A

Pointed end of the heart

32
Q

What does palate mean

A

To feel

33
Q

A pulse rate greater than 100bpm

A

Tachycardia

34
Q

A pulse rate slower than 60 bpm

A

Bradycardia

35
Q

What is pulse deficit

A

The difference between the apical and radial pulse

36
Q

Irregular pulse

A

Arrhythmia

37
Q

What is cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration

38
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal relaxed breathing pattern

39
Q

Dyspena

A

Difficult or labored breathing

40
Q

Tachypnea

A

Increased or rapid breathing

41
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow and shallow breathing

42
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood

43
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increasing in the rate and depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled causing the blood level of carbon dioxide to fall

44
Q

Kussmaul respirations

A

Increases rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation

45
Q

Biot respirations

A

Four to five equal breaths alternating with irregular periods of apnea

46
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of breathing

47
Q

Cheyne-Strokes respirations

A

Pattern of Dyspena followed by a short period of apnea

48
Q

Crackles

A

Also called rales non musical found heard in the lungs similar to hair being rubbed between fingers (fluid in the lungs)

49
Q

Rhonchi

A

Continuous dry rattling sounds heard caused by partial obstruction (asthma, bronchitis emphysema)

50
Q

Stertor

A

Snoring sound when unable to cough up secretions from trachea or bronchi

51
Q

Stridor

A

Crowing sound on inspiration (“seal”)

52
Q

Wheeze

A

Whistling sound

53
Q

Measurement of oxygen

A

Oximetry

54
Q

What are the sounds heard related to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall

A

Korotkoff sounds

55
Q

What is the asculatory gap

A

No sounds

56
Q

Orthostatic hypertension

A

Also called postural hypertension is a sudden drop in blood pressure due to a change in position

57
Q

What is the amount of moisture in the air ranging from 30-50% as comfortable

A

Humidity

Fundamental Concepts Nursing (3 decks)

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