Chapters 20 & 21 Flashcards
What are the most common accidents among patients
Falls, burns, cuts and bruises
What does RACE stand for
Resuce
Active
Contain
Extinguish
What is a biological agent, chemical, or condition that can be harmful to a persons health
Biohazard
What is the release of pathogenic microorganisms into a community to achieve political or military goals
Bioterrorism
What develops when most of all of the body is exposed to a high dose of radiation over a short period of time
Acute radiation sickness
Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain and oxygen saturation
Vital signs
Cellular chemical reactions in the body
Metabolism
Elevated temperature
Fever
What are pyrogens
Agents that cause fever
The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest
Basal metabolic rate
Heat loss occurs through what four factored
Radiation conduction convention and evaporation
What is pyrexia
Fever
Substances that cause fever
Pyrogens
What is diaphoresis
Excessive sweat production
A state of inefficient oxygen
Hypoxia
The volume of blood pressure pushed into the aorta per hear beat
Stroke volume
How to you calculate cardiac output
The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing
Respiration
Name the organs of the respiratory system
Nose pharynx lungs trachea larynx bronchi
What is systolic pressure
The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricle contraction
What is diastolic pressure
The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest
Excess fluid volume
Over hydration
What is tympanic temperature
Temperature taken in the eardrum
Temperature taken under the armpit
Axillary
What is core temperature
The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Above normal body temperature
Hyperthermia
Sensations of cold and shaking
Chills
What is defervescene
The end of a fever
Gradual return to normal body temperature
Lysis
Hypothermia
Below normal body temperature
What is the apex
Pointed end of the heart
What does palate mean
To feel
A pulse rate greater than 100bpm
Tachycardia
A pulse rate slower than 60 bpm
Bradycardia
What is pulse deficit
The difference between the apical and radial pulse
Irregular pulse
Arrhythmia
What is cyanosis
Bluish discoloration
Eupnea
Normal relaxed breathing pattern
Dyspena
Difficult or labored breathing
Tachypnea
Increased or rapid breathing
Bradypnea
Slow and shallow breathing
Hypoxemia
Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood
Hyperventilation
Increasing in the rate and depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled causing the blood level of carbon dioxide to fall
Kussmaul respirations
Increases rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation
Biot respirations
Four to five equal breaths alternating with irregular periods of apnea
Apnea
Absence of breathing
Cheyne-Strokes respirations
Pattern of Dyspena followed by a short period of apnea
Crackles
Also called rales non musical found heard in the lungs similar to hair being rubbed between fingers (fluid in the lungs)
Rhonchi
Continuous dry rattling sounds heard caused by partial obstruction (asthma, bronchitis emphysema)
Stertor
Snoring sound when unable to cough up secretions from trachea or bronchi
Stridor
Crowing sound on inspiration (“seal”)
Wheeze
Whistling sound
Measurement of oxygen
Oximetry
What are the sounds heard related to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall
Korotkoff sounds
What is the asculatory gap
No sounds
Orthostatic hypertension
Also called postural hypertension is a sudden drop in blood pressure due to a change in position
What is the amount of moisture in the air ranging from 30-50% as comfortable
Humidity
