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fundamentals test four material > chapters 2 and 4 health & wellness & community health > Flashcards

chapters 2 and 4 health & wellness & community health Flashcards

1
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, not merely the absence of disease

A

health

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2
Q

a state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle

A

health

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3
Q

your perceived susceptibility

addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and behaviors

A

Health Belief Model

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4
Q

directed at increasing a patient’s level of well being

1) individual characteristics and experiences
2) behavior specific cognitions and affect
3) behavioral outcomes

A

Health Promotion Model

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5
Q

attempts to meet the patient’s basic needs

Needs necessary for survival or health

A

Basic Human Needs Model

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6
Q

attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health

A

holistic health model

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7
Q 
self actualization
self esteem
love and belonging
safety and security
physiological
A

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

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8
Q

influence how a person thinks and acts

A

variables

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9
Q

can negatively or positively influence health behavior or health practices

A

health beliefs

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10
Q

are influenced by internal and external variables and should be considered when planning care

A

health beliefs and practices

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11
Q

developmental stage: patient’s degree of health depends on knowledge
intellectual background
emotional factors
spiritual factors

A

internal variables

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12
Q

family practices
socioeconomic factors
cultural background

A

external variables

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13
Q

health promotion
wellness education
illness prevention

A

types of health promotion activities

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14
Q

fluoride in drinking water

Milk with Vitamin D

A

passive activity

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15
Q

weight loss program

A

active activity

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16
Q

primary, secondary, and tertiary

A

three levels of prevention

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17
Q

true prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop
example: seat belts, immunizations

A

primary prevention

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18
Q

focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk to develop a disease
examples: screening for scoliosis, PSA, mammograms

A

secondary prevention

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19
Q

occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
example: chronic disease or illness

A

tertiary prevention

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20
Q

variables that increase the vulnerability of an individual or a group to an illness or accident

A

risk factors

21
Q

genetic and physiologic factors (family history, cancer, pregnancy, obesity, heredity)
age
physical environment
lifestyle (seatbelt, sunbathing)

A

risk factors

22
Q

help patients understand areas that must be changed to promote wellness and prevent illness
example: healthy heart program

A

identification

23
Q

implement health education programs to help patients change risky health behaviors

A

modification and changing health behaviors

24
Q 
precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
A

5 steps of behavior change

25
Q

a state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired

A

illness

26
Q

short duration and severe

A

acute illness

27
Q

persists longer than 6 months and can be life threatening

A

chronic illness

28
Q

chronic illness like cancer is what stage

A

tertiary

29
Q

perception of illness and nature of illness

A

internal variables of illness behavior

30
Q

visibility of symptoms, social group, cultural background, economics, and accessibility to health care

A

external variables of illness behavior

31
Q

behavioral and emotional changes
impact on body image
impact on self concept
impact on family roles and family dynamics

A

impact of illness on the patient and family

32
Q

a model of care to reach all in a community
focuses on helping individuals and communities achieve a healthy living environment
occurs outside traditional health care facilities
provides services for acute and chronic conditions

A

community based health care

33
Q

public health problems are influenced by

A

social lifestyles
political policy
economic ambitions

34
Q

improved delivery of health care occurs through

A
  1. assessment of health care needs of individuals, families, and communities
  2. development and implementation of public health policies
  3. improved access to care
35
Q

leads to community health promotion programs

helps gather info on incident rates

A

community assessment

36
Q

examples of health promotion programs

A

exercise programs for kids, smoking cessation, safe sex, dietary program for pregnant women, adolescent smoking prevention

37
Q

health professionals provide leadership in

A

developing public policies to support the health of a population

38
Q

when lower level services are accessible and effective, there is a greater likelihood that higher tiers will contribute to the health of the community

A

five level health services pyramid

39
Q

focuses on the needs of a population

A

public health nursing

40
Q

a public health nurse understands

A

factors that influence health promotion and maintenance
trends & patterns that influence incidence of disease
environmental factors that contribute to health & illness
political processes that affect public policy

41
Q

care is provided in the community
primary focus is on the healthcare of indiv, familities, and groups
goal is to preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health
provides direct care services to subpopulations in a community

A

community health nursing

42
Q

Understand needs of population
apply critical thinking
know the community member
work in partnerships to support heath programs

A

community nurses

43
Q

occurs in community settings
involves acute and chronic care
enhances individuals’ capacity for self-care
promotes autonomy in decision making
uses critical thinking skills
reduces costs for the patient by providing care near homes
requires knowledge of family theory, communication, group dynamics, and cultural diversity

A

community based nursing

44
Q

vulnerable populations include

A 
immigrants
poor and homeless
abused
substance abusers
mentally ill
older adults
45
Q

All communities have three components:

A

structure or locale
people
social systems

46
Q

Patient’s are more likely to accept a change if it is:

A

more advantageous, realistic, compatible, and easy to adapt

47
Q

very basic physiological needs such as oxygen, water, food, sleep and sex

A

lowest level of needs on Maslow’s hierarchy

48
Q

describes health as a positive dynamic state not merely the absence of disease

A

health promotion model

fundamentals test four material (5 decks)

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