Chapters 2,3,4 Flashcards
White Temple
Sumerian
Built 3000 BC
Big temple (61 x 16 ft) built with bricks
Built by Sumerian people
Featured the bent axis plan that was used in the building of most Sumerian Ziggurat
Situated in Uruk
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Female Head (might be of Inanna)
Sumeria
3500-3000 BC
8’’ high, made of marble
Made by Sumerian person
Important artwork because marble was very rare, had to be imported at great cost; soft carving technique made facial features appear softer
Found at temple of Inanna at Uruk
Statuettes from Temple of Abu
Sumerian
2700 - 2500 BC
Various sizes (tallest 30’’), made of stone
Made by Sumerian sculptor(s)
Surrogate worshippers that people placed in temples to pray in their place –> big eyes show dedication to the gods
Found at Eshnunna
Standard of Ur
Sumerian
2600 BC
Interpreted as 8.5 x 19.5’’ wooden box, mosaic made of shell, lapis, limestone, bitumen with cuneiform writing
Made by Sumerian person(s)
Double sided; one side dubbed “war side,” has image of battle, other side dubbed “peace side,” portrays banquet. Original purpose unknown
Found at Royal Cemetary at Ur
Head of Akkadian Ruler (probably Sargon)
Akkadian
2300 - 2200 BC
Bronze sculpture; 12’’ high
Originally full bodied sculpture that showed King’s power; gouged eyes show deliberate mutilation, probably by enemy
Found at Nineveh
Ziggarut at Ur
Neo-Sumerian
2100 BC
210 x 150 feet, built with bricks
Akkadian builders
Situated at Ur
Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
Akkadian
~2250 BC
6’7’’ tall, made of pink limestone
Created by Akkadian artist(s)
Shows sovereign who thinks himself on par with the gods, “King of the World”
Found at Susa, where Elamite King took the tablet after conquering Akkadia
Statue of Gudea
Neo-Sumerian
2100 BC
2’5’’ high, made from Diorite
Built by neo-Sumerian artist(s)
Showed Gudea’s reversion to statuettes that showed dedication to worshipping gods, as opposed to divine right of King in Akkadia. Diorite very hard to carve –> showed piety + wealth
Found in Girsu
Stele with Law Code of Hammrabi
Babylonian
18th century BCE
Black basalt, 7’4’’ high
Babylonian sculptor
Describes Hammrabi’s extensive law code that was revolutionary for its time
Found at Susa
Lamassu
Assyrian
720-705 BC
Limestone, 13’10’’ high
Combined front and side POV to get complete view of sculpture from front and side
Found at citadel of Sargon at Dur Sharrukin
Ashurbanipal hunting lions relief
Assyrian
645-640 BC
Gypsum, 5’4’’ high
Found at Palace of Ashurbanipal
Shows dominance of King (killing fearsome lions)
Ishtar Gate
Neo-Babylonian
575 BC
Blue glazed bricks, original height unknown
Original located in Babylon, reconstruction at Berlin
Royal audience hall at Persepolis
Persian
521-465
Stone, 60’ high, 217 square feet
Huge scale, could seat thousands
At Persepolis
Bull Capital
Persian
~400 BC
Stone
Tomb of Artaxerxes II
Head of a King (probably Shapur)
Sasanian
4th century
Gilded silver, 15.75’’ tall
Conveys sense of majesty
Wall painting at Hierakonpolis
Egyptian
3500-3200 BC
Watercolor on plaster, 16’4’’ x 3’7 3/8’’
Compositional style that would later be very influential