Chapters 19 & 20 Vocab

Question 0

Council of the indies

Answer 0

Institution responsible for supervising Spain’s colonies in the Americas

Question 1

Colombian Exchange

Answer 1

Exchange of plants,animal, diseases, and technologies between the rest of the world following Columbus’s voyages

Question 2

Bartolome de las casas

Answer 2

Defender of Amerindians, entered Dominican casas, first bishop of Chiapas

Question 3

Potosi

Answer 3

Present day Bolivia, dominated Spanish colonial economy, richest silver deposit in Americas until Mexico silver production increased.

Question 4

Encomienda

Answer 4

Form of forced labor where Amerindians provided labor for settlers for textiles, food, or other goods.

Question 5

Creoles

Answer 5

Whites born in America from European parents

Question 6

Mestizo

Answer 6

Someone of mixed Amerindian and European descent

Question 7

Mulatto

Answer 7

Someone of mixed European and African descent

Question 8

Indentured servant

Answer 8

Form of labor where poor men and women exchange 4 to 7 years of labor in return for passage, a small piece of land, tools and clothes.

Question 9

House of burgesses

Answer 9

Elected assembly in colonial virginia, initiated a form of democratic representation that distinguishes English colonies from European colonies.

Question 10

Pilgrims

Answer 10

Wanted to break from Church of England so they moved to America and began colony of Plymouth

Question 11

Puritans

Answer 11

Wanted to purify Church of England rather than break it

Question 12

Iroquois confederacy

Answer 12

An alliance of 5 Amerindian groups, allied with Dutch and English

Question 13

New France

Answer 13

Colony founded by Samuel de Champlain, provided ready access to Amerindian trade routes

Question 14

Coureurs de bois

Answer 14

French fur trade, many of mixed Amerindian heritage

Question 15

Tupac Amaru II

Answer 15

Member aristocracy who led rebellion against spanish authorities of Peru, executed most of his family.

Question 16

Atlantic System

Answer 16

Network of trade that moved goods, wealth, people and cultures around the world.

Question 17

Chartered companies

Answer 17

Group of investors that send annual fee to England and France in return for a monopoly over trade to West Indies colonies

Question 18

Dutch West India Company

Answer 18

Trading company chartered by Dutch government to conduct its merchants trade in Americas and Africa

Question 19

Plantocracy

Answer 19

Small group of men that owned most land and slaves

Question 20

Seasoning

Answer 20

Period of salve adjustment to new environment, one third died of diseases

Question 21

Manumission

Answer 21

A legal grant of freedom to an individual slave

Question 22

Capitalism

Answer 22

Ability to manage large financial resources through mechanisms

Question 23

Mercantilism

Answer 23

Promote citizens’ overseas trade and accumulate capital in form of precious metals

Question 24

Royal African Company

Answer 24

Included all English trade with West Africa, established headquarters in Cape Coast Castle.

Question 25

Maroon

Answer 25

Runaway slaves

Question 26

Great Circuit

Answer 26

Clockwise network of trade routes

Question 27

Middle Passage

Answer 27

Part of Great Circuit involving transportion of African slaves over Atlantic to Americas.