Chapters 17-19 Flashcards
What were the three major subregions the Plains Indians inhabited?
Northern Plains, Central Plains, Southern Plains
What did the Indians mainly hunt? (Animal)
Bison / Buffalo
Who killed a ton of Buffalo to undermine the Indians?
William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody
What did John M. Chivington do?
Massacred a bunch of innocent Indians
What was the Fort Laramie Treaty?
Congress designated two great plains to the Indians
Encouraged them to become christian and become like the whites
Who was Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer sent by Congress to fight?
Indians
Who started the Red River War?
Indians
Who was the Sioux leader?
Sitting Bull
Who lead the Indians during Custer’s last stand?
Sitting Bull
Who organized the Women’s National Indian Rights Association?
Helen Hunt Jackson
What did the Dawes Severalty Act give Indians the rights of?
US citizens
What was the dance called that the US army feared of the Indians?
Ghost Dance
What is “Wounded Knee”?
Sight of Indian-White battle where only one little Indian boy survived (Lost Bird)
What was promontory point?
Celebration sight of the finish of the first transcontinental railroad
What did the first transcontinental railroad attract?
Settlers to the mid-nation, agricultural opportunities, and Irish immigrants
What did the Timbre Culture Act of 1873 do?
gave an additional 160 acres of land if the settlers planted 40 acres of trees
What did the Desert Land Act do?
Gave away 640 acres of land for $1.25 as long as owners irrigated (Little rainfall areas)
What did the Timbre and Stone act do?
160 acres of forest for $2.50 per acre
What happened in terms of economy in 1873?
Panic of 1873
Why did Utah take the longest to become a state?
Had to deal with mormons and polygamy?
Which act made polygamy illegal?
Edmunds-Tucker Act
Which mexican was arrested by mexican government for acting out against america?
Juan Cortina
Who were the White Caps?
Violent Mexicans
What was Comstock Lode?
Bunch of Gold found by Henry Comstock
What were to effects of the Gold Rush?
Many people migrated to the west, west was diversified
Which work of Mark Twain’s described the gold rush as stampedes of people?
Roughing it
Who creates Wild West shows and sold cattle in Kansas rather than Texas?
Joseph McCoy
Who was the cattle thief who murdered many people and sheriffs?
William Bonney
Who was Nat Love?
Cattle Worker who was a slave descendant
During the panic of 1873, what crop did many ranchers grow when they went to the Red River Valley?
Wheat
Large Scale farms in California’s Central Valley flourished selling what?
Sunkist Oranges
What was the Oklahoma Land Rush?
Indians illegally rushed to 2 million acres of Oklahoma land
What did the Oklahoma Land rush show?
The power of the frontier myth
Which act broke up Indian reservations on Oklahoma land?
Dawes Severalty Act
Which act would dissolve Indian territory and tribal government?
Curtis Act
Name two writers who wrote about the frontier as a dangerous land filled with noble people
Daniel Boone and Jame Fenimore Cooper
Who created the Buffalo Bill character in dime novels?
Ned Buntline
Who wrote a study saying settlers needed to change their pattern of settlement?
John Powell
Who got Congress to make Yellowstone a national park?
Henry D. Washburn
Who cautioned americans to curb their destructive use of the landscape?
George Marsh
Who was a wilderness protector that helped make yellowstone a national park?
John Muir
What was one of the way railroads kept financial security?
Sold bonds to the public
What business pathed way for large scale corporations?
Railroads
How did Jay Gould keep the railroads in order?
5 Major Tracks Spanning America
How did railroads adjust the scheduling?
Creating four different time zones
What did the Interstate Commerce Act ban?
Monopolizing activity
Which organization oversaw railroad practices?
Interstate Commerce Commission
Which act empowered Railroads to set rates?
Hepburn Act
Who ought out many railroad companies and controlled 2/3 of the US rail mileage?
J. Pierpont Morgan
Where did Carnegie work before steel?
Railroads
How did Carnegie become successful in his industries?
Vertical Integration
Which company did Carnegie form?
Carnegie steel
Who bought out Carnegie steel to form the US steel Corporation?
JP Morgan
Who was the carnegie of the oil industry?
John D. Rockefeller
Which company did Rock form?
Standard Oil company
What technique did Rock use to control all the oil companies?
Horizontal Integration and Sherman Trust Act
Which act did not allow trust acts between companies?
Sherman Antitrust Act
What did the court rule in US v. the EC Knight company?
Manufacturing was not interstate commerce
Who created the ___ Illuminating company?
Thomas Edison
Once Edison’s company merged with another, which corporation did they form?
The General Electric Company
Why were advertisements made?
Inventors had more product available than they were selling
Who created the customer friendly camera?
George Eastman
What was once of the problems with the new inventions?
Environmental destruction
What two things did at home sewing machines encourage?
Mothers to make clothing and sweatshop entrepreneurs
What was the South’s Lost Cause?
Giving money to war veterans
Who wrote the New South Creed?
Henry W. Grady
What did the New South Creed say?
Coal and Timber allowed for Industrial development and cheap labor
What did sharecroppers think of the textile mill?
It was a place for rural poverty
What did the Separate Spheres doctrine encourage?
Women to stay at home and cook and clean
What did William H Sylvis fight for?
The one hour day
Who organized the National Labor Union?
William H Sylbis
Who led the Knights of Labor?
Uriah Stephens
Who did the Knights of Labor exclude?
Bankers
Doctors
Lawyers
Stockbrokers
What did the knights of labor demand?
Equal pay for women, end to child and convict labor, and peaceful relations
Which act suspended Chinese immigration?
Chinese Exclusion Act
Who organized the American Federation of Labor?
Samuel Gompers
What were yellow dog contracts?
Contracts that many workers were forced to sign saying they wont strike
Where did a bomb go off after strikers began striking?
Paymarket Square
Where did the homestead strike occur?
Carnegie Steel Company
What was the American Railway Union led by?
Eugene v. Debs
What was the simple major pull factor of immigrants coming to America (mostly germans)?
A better life
What were some ethnicities part of the new immigrants?
Italians, Greeks, Jews
Which two customs greeted immigrants as they arrived to the americas?
Ellis and Angel Island
What was the victorian world view?
People could improve themselves and hard work developed personal self discipline
Who were three people who pushed the department stores?
Rowland H. Macy, John Wanamaker, and Marshall Field
Which innovative presidents sought to reform science and medicine?
Andrew White and Charles Eliot
What was the main difference in new research universities?
They covered a wide variety of courses
What was the political machine?
America’s unique contribution to municipal government in an era of pell-mell urban growth
Who used the political machine for personal gain?
Corrupt boses
Who was satirized in Thomas Nast’s cartoon for abusing the political machine?
William “Boss” Tweed
Who organized the New York Association for Improving the condition of the poor?
Robert M. Hartley
Who founded the NY Children’s Aid Society?
Charles Loring Brace
Who established the salvation army?
General William Booth
Who worked with the Charity Organization Society as the were being accused of controlling the poor?
Josephine Shaw Lowell
Who organized the Moral-Purity Campaign?
Both Anthony Comstock and Charles Parkhurst
What did the Moral Purity Campaign want?
Gambling and lottery closed down
Who fought for the Social Gospel saying men and women had to fight against social injustice
Washington Gladden
Who purchased a mansion and opened it as a hull house, a social center for recent immigrants?
Jane Addams
Who was Florence Kelly?
Worked at the hull house and was taught how to work effectively in a municipal government
What was the first baseball team?
New York Knickerbockers
Who introduced the first separate sports page?
Joseph Pulitzer
Who was the most famous boxer of the 19th century?
John L. Sullivan
Who sold the Maple Leaf Rag?
Scott Joplin
What was Mark Twain’s real name?
Samuel Langhorne Clemens
How did modernism affect American painting?
Winslow Homer and Thoma Eakins had to capture moments of physical difficulties in everyday life
What did Frances Willard believe?
Women were compassionate and nurturing?
What did Frances Willard form?
the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
Who worked to make sure children stayed in school?
William Torrey Harris
