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Patient Care > Chapters 17,18,19,20, 22, 23 > Flashcards

Chapters 17,18,19,20, 22, 23 Flashcards

1
Q

asepsis

A

freedom with infection

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2
Q

bacteria

A

prokaryotic, ubiquitous single celled organisms

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3
Q

blood borne pathogen

A

disease caused microorganism that may be present in human blood

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4
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment of disease by chemical agents

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5
Q

dimorphic

A

occuring in two distinct forms

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6
Q

diseases

A

deviations from or interruptions of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system

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7
Q

disinfectants

A

chemicals used to free an environment from pathogenic

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8
Q

eukaryotes

A

organisms whose cells have a true nucleus

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9
Q

flora

A

microbial community found on or in a healthy person

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10
Q

fomite

A

an inanimate object that can harbor pathogenic organisms and can be an agent to pass along infection

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11
Q

fungi

A

general term used to denote a group of eukaryotic protists
- mushroom, yeasy, rust, mold, smut

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12
Q

healthcare-associated infection

A

infections that patients acquire while they receive treatment for another healthcare issue

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13
Q

host

A

animal or plant that harbors or nourishes another disease

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14
Q

iatrogenic

A

resulting from activities with physician

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15
Q

immunity

A

security against a particular disease

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16
Q

infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue

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17
Q

medical asepsis

A

reduction of infectious disease to lower chances of infection

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18
Q

microorganisms

A

microscopic organisms

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19
Q

nosocomial

A

pertaining to or originating in the hospital

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20
Q

pathogen

A

disease producing microorganisms

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21
Q

prokaryoyes

A

cellular organisms that lack a true nucleus

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22
Q

protozoa

A

simplest organisms in the animal kingdom

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23
Q

reservior

A

alternative or passive host or carrier that harbors pathogenic organisms

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24
Q

standard precautions

A

precautions to prevent the transmission of disease by body fluids and substances

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25
Q

sterilization

A

complete destruction of a microorganism

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26
Q

surgical asepsis

A

procedure used to prevent contamination by microbe before, during, and after surgery

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27
Q

vaccine

A

suspension or attenuation or killed microorganism s administered to prevent, improve, or treatment of infections

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28
Q

vector

A

a carrier esp. a bug that transfers infective agent to another host

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29
Q

virion

A

complete viral particle found extracellularly and capable of surviving in crystalline form and infecting a living cell

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30
Q

viruses

A

any of minute infectious disease not resolved in the light microscope
- lacks independent metabolism and lack of ability to replicate by itself

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31
Q

angiography

A

radiographic procedure to visualize blood vessels with contrast

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32
Q

arrhythmia

A

any change from the normal sequence of electrical impulses of the heart

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33
Q

arthrography

A

exam of the joint using x-ray and contrast

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34
Q

aseptic

A

product or method that is free of microbiological organism

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35
Q

atelectasis

A

where the lung is not fully inflated

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36
Q

auscultation

A

internal sounds of the body

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37
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy

A

noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland

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38
Q

c-arm

A

x-ray image intensifier
aka- flouro

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39
Q

central venous pressure

A

pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava

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40
Q

contaminated

A

presence of blood or any other infectious materials

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41
Q

foley catheter

A

clear urine from the bladder

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42
Q

isolette

A

an incubator for premature infants
- provides controlled temp, humidity, and O2

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43
Q

lithotomy position

A

common position for surgical procedures and medical exams- hips and knees flexed, thigh abducted and externally rotated

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44
Q

manual resuscitator

A

handheld device used to give positive pressure ventilation
- aka ambu bag

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45
Q

microorganisms

A

microscopic organisms
- bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa

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46
Q

myelography

A

x-ray exam of spinal cord

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47
Q

pneumothorax

A

accumulation of air in the pleural area

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48
Q

purulent

A

consisting of pus

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49
Q

serous

A

resembling serum, thin watery constitution

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50
Q

sterile

A

free of living microorganisms

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51
Q

subungual

A

beneath the fingernail or toenail

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52
Q

swan- gans catheter

A

flow directed balloon tipped pulmonary catheter

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53
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trache a through the neck

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54
Q

Trendelenburg position

A

feet over head

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55
Q

urinary meatus

A

external urethral orifice

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56
Q

voiding cystourethrogram

A

fluoro exam with contrast taken before, during and after voiding of bladder, kidney and urethra

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57
Q

barium

A

bulky, fine white powder used a contrast medium

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58
Q

bedpan

A

vessel for receiving urination or defecation

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59
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the lining of the colon

60
Q

colonoscopy

A

endoscopic exam of colon

61
Q

colonstomy

A

surgical creation of an opening between the colon and surface of the body

62
Q

defecation

A

evacuation of fecal material from intestines

63
Q

emesis basin

A

kidney shaped vessel for vomit

64
Q

enema

A

liquid injected in the rectum

65
Q

enterostomal therapist

A

health professional with special training and certification in care of ostomies

66
Q

flatus

A

gas from a butt

67
Q

fowler position

A

Head raised over feet

68
Q

hydration

A

Indicates that the liquid substance has water

69
Q

loopogram

A

radiographic evaluation of small and large bowel that has been connected to the skin surface

70
Q

low residue diet

A

diet that gives least possible residue
- gelatin, sucrose, dextrose, broth, and rice

71
Q

lumen

A

cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ

72
Q

Nasogastric tube

A

soft rubber or plastic tube inserted in the nostril to the stomach
- for food, meds, and release of gases

73
Q

ostomate

A

one who has undergone enterostomy or ureterostomy

74
Q

perineum

A

region between the thighs

75
Q

purgation

A

catharsis; relief of fecal matter affected by a cathartic

76
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

procedure to see inside the sigmoid colon and rectum with endoscope

77
Q

stoma

A

an opening

78
Q

urinal

A

vessel/ receptacle for urine

79
Q

virtual colonoscopy

A

performed using CT

80
Q

viscosity

A

physical property of liquid that determines internal resistance to shear force

81
Q

aura

A

subjective sensation or motor phenomenon that precedes or marks onset of a paroxysmal attack

82
Q

automatic external defibrillator

A

device used to restore normal cardiac rhythm and rate

83
Q

cardiac arrest

A

sudden stop of cardiac output and effective circulation
- heart attack

84
Q

CPR

A

artificial substitution of heart and lung action

85
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

stroke or brain attack

86
Q

claustrophobia

A

fear of enclosed or tight spaces

87
Q

emergency

A

unexpected or sudden occasion, an urgent or pressing need

88
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

89
Q

erythema

A

redness of skin

90
Q

FAST scan

A

ultrasound exam used to access trauma for patients with internal bleeding

91
Q

hemorrhage

A

escape of blood from vessels

92
Q

hyperglycemia

A

abnormal increase of glucose in blood

93
Q

hypoglycemia

A

abnormal decrease of glucose in blood

94
Q

lethargy

A

abnormal drowsiness or stupor

95
Q

nausea

A

unpleasant sensation, often culminating in vomit

96
Q

pallor

A

paleness, absence of skin colorations

97
Q

shock

A

failure of circulatory system to maintain adequate perfusion of vital organs

98
Q

syncope

A

temporary suspension of consciousness
- fainting

99
Q

uritcaria

A

hives

100
Q

ventricular fibrillation

A

disorganized cardiac rhythm

101
Q

vomiting

A

forcible expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth

102
Q

vertigo

A

illusion of movement, sensation as if the external world is revolving around the patient

103
Q

wound

A

bodily injuries caused by physical mean

104
Q

wound dehiscence

A

separation of the layers of a surgical wound

105
Q

ampule

A

small sealed glass container that holds a single dose of parenteral solution in a sterile condition

106
Q

angiocath

A

catheter inserted directly into the vein for drug administration

107
Q

bolus

A

concentrated mass of pharmceutical preparation

108
Q

buccal

A

cheek

109
Q

drip infusion

A

intravenous transfusion of a large amount of fluid over time

110
Q

enteral

A

within GI tract

111
Q

extravastion

A

discharge or escape of fluid from a vessel into surrounding tissue

112
Q

intradermal

A

between layers of skin

113
Q

intramuscular

A

between muscle tissue

114
Q

intravenous injection

A

medication administered by intravenous push or intravenous infusion

115
Q

parenteral/ parenterally

A

drug administration by route other than GI
- usually through the skin

116
Q

rectal

A

inserted into the rectum

117
Q

subcutaneous

A

beneath the skin

118
Q

sublingual

A

under the tongue

119
Q

topical

A

applied to the skin, affect only the certain area

120
Q

transdermal

A

entering the skin

121
Q

venipuncture

A

puncture of a vein

122
Q

vial

A

small glass bottle containing multiple doses of drug

123
Q

acid group

A

contains carbon double bonded to an oxygen
-single bonded to another oxygen
- and a negative charge at pH

124
Q

amine group

A

contains nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms

125
Q

anaphylactoid

A

resembling an immune system response to foreign material

126
Q

atomic numbers

A

number of protons in nuclei of the elements

127
Q

Bloof Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

A

test to determine if the kidney or liver is not working porperly

128
Q

bond

A

interaction between electrons of atoms that hold the atoms together

129
Q

broncospasm

A

involuntary constriction of the bronchial tubes

130
Q

compound

A

substance composed of 2 or more elements

131
Q

contraindications

A

factors that indicate that a medical procedure should not be done

132
Q

creatinine

A

nitrogen containing waste products of metabolism

133
Q

dimer

A

compound formed by bonding two identical simpler moleculesfl

134
Q

occulation

A

formation of flaky masses resulting from precipitation or coming out of suspension

135
Q

histamine

A

molecular substance that causes bronchial constrictions and lower BP`

136
Q

ionic

A

atom or molecule having an positive charge (cation) or negative charge (anion)

137
Q

methyl groups

A

common biochemical groups containing one carbon and three hydrogen

138
Q

monosomers

A

simple molecules of a compound of relatively low molecular weight

139
Q

osmolality

A

measurement of number of particles that can crowd out water molecules in water

140
Q

osmosis

A

movement of water from high concentration to a low concentration

141
Q

pH

A

relative acidity or base of solution

142
Q

radiopharmaceutical

A

pharmaceutical compound attached to a radioisotope

143
Q

shock

A

inadequate blood flow within the body resulting in loss of oxygen and energy

144
Q

solution

A

uniform mixture of two or more substances of molecule sized particles that do not react together chemically

145
Q

suspension

A

nonuniform mixture of two or more substances, one is composed of larger than molecule size particles that tend to cluster together

146
Q
A

Patient Care (4 decks)

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