Chapters 17,18,19,20, 22, 23 Flashcards
1
Q
asepsis
A
freedom with infection
2
Q
bacteria
A
prokaryotic, ubiquitous single celled organisms
3
Q
blood borne pathogen
A
disease caused microorganism that may be present in human blood
4
Q
chemotherapy
A
treatment of disease by chemical agents
5
Q
dimorphic
A
occuring in two distinct forms
6
Q
diseases
A
deviations from or interruptions of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system
7
Q
disinfectants
A
chemicals used to free an environment from pathogenic
8
Q
eukaryotes
A
organisms whose cells have a true nucleus
9
Q
flora
A
microbial community found on or in a healthy person
10
Q
fomite
A
an inanimate object that can harbor pathogenic organisms and can be an agent to pass along infection
11
Q
fungi
A
general term used to denote a group of eukaryotic protists
- mushroom, yeasy, rust, mold, smut
12
Q
healthcare-associated infection
A
infections that patients acquire while they receive treatment for another healthcare issue
13
Q
host
A
animal or plant that harbors or nourishes another disease
14
Q
iatrogenic
A
resulting from activities with physician
15
Q
immunity
A
security against a particular disease
16
Q
infection
A
invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue
17
Q
medical asepsis
A
reduction of infectious disease to lower chances of infection
18
Q
microorganisms
A
microscopic organisms
19
Q
nosocomial
A
pertaining to or originating in the hospital
20
Q
pathogen
A
disease producing microorganisms
21
Q
prokaryoyes
A
cellular organisms that lack a true nucleus
22
Q
protozoa
A
simplest organisms in the animal kingdom
23
Q
reservior
A
alternative or passive host or carrier that harbors pathogenic organisms
24
Q
standard precautions
A
precautions to prevent the transmission of disease by body fluids and substances
25
sterilization
complete destruction of a microorganism
26
surgical asepsis
procedure used to prevent contamination by microbe before, during, and after surgery
27
vaccine
suspension or attenuation or killed microorganism s administered to prevent, improve, or treatment of infections
28
vector
a carrier esp. a bug that transfers infective agent to another host
29
virion
complete viral particle found extracellularly and capable of surviving in crystalline form and infecting a living cell
30
viruses
any of minute infectious disease not resolved in the light microscope
- lacks independent metabolism and lack of ability to replicate by itself
31
angiography
radiographic procedure to visualize blood vessels with contrast
32
arrhythmia
any change from the normal sequence of electrical impulses of the heart
33
arthrography
exam of the joint using x-ray and contrast
34
aseptic
product or method that is free of microbiological organism
35
atelectasis
where the lung is not fully inflated
36
auscultation
internal sounds of the body
37
benign prostatic hypertrophy
noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland
38
c-arm
x-ray image intensifier
aka- flouro
39
central venous pressure
pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava
40
contaminated
presence of blood or any other infectious materials
41
foley catheter
clear urine from the bladder
42
isolette
an incubator for premature infants
- provides controlled temp, humidity, and O2
43
lithotomy position
common position for surgical procedures and medical exams- hips and knees flexed, thigh abducted and externally rotated
44
manual resuscitator
handheld device used to give positive pressure ventilation
- aka ambu bag
45
microorganisms
microscopic organisms
- bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
46
myelography
x-ray exam of spinal cord
47
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural area
48
purulent
consisting of pus
49
serous
resembling serum, thin watery constitution
50
sterile
free of living microorganisms
51
subungual
beneath the fingernail or toenail
52
swan- gans catheter
flow directed balloon tipped pulmonary catheter
53
tracheostomy
surgical creation of an opening into the trache a through the neck
54
Trendelenburg position
feet over head
55
urinary meatus
external urethral orifice
56
voiding cystourethrogram
fluoro exam with contrast taken before, during and after voiding of bladder, kidney and urethra
57
barium
bulky, fine white powder used a contrast medium
58
bedpan
vessel for receiving urination or defecation
59
colitis
inflammation of the lining of the colon
60
colonoscopy
endoscopic exam of colon
61
colonstomy
surgical creation of an opening between the colon and surface of the body
62
defecation
evacuation of fecal material from intestines
63
emesis basin
kidney shaped vessel for vomit
64
enema
liquid injected in the rectum
65
enterostomal therapist
health professional with special training and certification in care of ostomies
66
flatus
gas from a butt
67
fowler position
Head raised over feet
68
hydration
Indicates that the liquid substance has water
69
loopogram
radiographic evaluation of small and large bowel that has been connected to the skin surface
70
low residue diet
diet that gives least possible residue
- gelatin, sucrose, dextrose, broth, and rice
71
lumen
cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ
72
Nasogastric tube
soft rubber or plastic tube inserted in the nostril to the stomach
- for food, meds, and release of gases
73
ostomate
one who has undergone enterostomy or ureterostomy
74
perineum
region between the thighs
75
purgation
catharsis; relief of fecal matter affected by a cathartic
76
sigmoidoscopy
procedure to see inside the sigmoid colon and rectum with endoscope
77
stoma
an opening
78
urinal
vessel/ receptacle for urine
79
virtual colonoscopy
performed using CT
80
viscosity
physical property of liquid that determines internal resistance to shear force
81
aura
subjective sensation or motor phenomenon that precedes or marks onset of a paroxysmal attack
82
automatic external defibrillator
device used to restore normal cardiac rhythm and rate
83
cardiac arrest
sudden stop of cardiac output and effective circulation
- heart attack
84
CPR
artificial substitution of heart and lung action
85
cerebrovascular accident
stroke or brain attack
86
claustrophobia
fear of enclosed or tight spaces
87
emergency
unexpected or sudden occasion, an urgent or pressing need
88
epistaxis
nosebleed
89
erythema
redness of skin
90
FAST scan
ultrasound exam used to access trauma for patients with internal bleeding
91
hemorrhage
escape of blood from vessels
92
hyperglycemia
abnormal increase of glucose in blood
93
hypoglycemia
abnormal decrease of glucose in blood
94
lethargy
abnormal drowsiness or stupor
95
nausea
unpleasant sensation, often culminating in vomit
96
pallor
paleness, absence of skin colorations
97
shock
failure of circulatory system to maintain adequate perfusion of vital organs
98
syncope
temporary suspension of consciousness
- fainting
99
uritcaria
hives
100
ventricular fibrillation
disorganized cardiac rhythm
101
vomiting
forcible expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth
102
vertigo
illusion of movement, sensation as if the external world is revolving around the patient
103
wound
bodily injuries caused by physical mean
104
wound dehiscence
separation of the layers of a surgical wound
105
ampule
small sealed glass container that holds a single dose of parenteral solution in a sterile condition
106
angiocath
catheter inserted directly into the vein for drug administration
107
bolus
concentrated mass of pharmceutical preparation
108
buccal
cheek
109
drip infusion
intravenous transfusion of a large amount of fluid over time
110
enteral
within GI tract
111
extravastion
discharge or escape of fluid from a vessel into surrounding tissue
112
intradermal
between layers of skin
113
intramuscular
between muscle tissue
114
intravenous injection
medication administered by intravenous push or intravenous infusion
115
parenteral/ parenterally
drug administration by route other than GI
- usually through the skin
116
rectal
inserted into the rectum
117
subcutaneous
beneath the skin
118
sublingual
under the tongue
119
topical
applied to the skin, affect only the certain area
120
transdermal
entering the skin
121
venipuncture
puncture of a vein
122
vial
small glass bottle containing multiple doses of drug
123
acid group
contains carbon double bonded to an oxygen
-single bonded to another oxygen
- and a negative charge at pH
124
amine group
contains nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms
125
anaphylactoid
resembling an immune system response to foreign material
126
atomic numbers
number of protons in nuclei of the elements
127
Bloof Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
test to determine if the kidney or liver is not working porperly
128
bond
interaction between electrons of atoms that hold the atoms together
129
broncospasm
involuntary constriction of the bronchial tubes
130
compound
substance composed of 2 or more elements
131
contraindications
factors that indicate that a medical procedure should not be done
132
creatinine
nitrogen containing waste products of metabolism
133
dimer
compound formed by bonding two identical simpler moleculesfl
134
occulation
formation of flaky masses resulting from precipitation or coming out of suspension
135
histamine
molecular substance that causes bronchial constrictions and lower BP`
136
ionic
atom or molecule having an positive charge (cation) or negative charge (anion)
137
methyl groups
common biochemical groups containing one carbon and three hydrogen
138
monosomers
simple molecules of a compound of relatively low molecular weight
139
osmolality
measurement of number of particles that can crowd out water molecules in water
140
osmosis
movement of water from high concentration to a low concentration
141
pH
relative acidity or base of solution
142
radiopharmaceutical
pharmaceutical compound attached to a radioisotope
143
shock
inadequate blood flow within the body resulting in loss of oxygen and energy
144
solution
uniform mixture of two or more substances of molecule sized particles that do not react together chemically
145
suspension
nonuniform mixture of two or more substances, one is composed of larger than molecule size particles that tend to cluster together
146
