Chapters 13-15 Flashcards
A large organic molecule made from a chain of many smaller molecules
Polymer
The substances that undergo a chemical change are the
Reactants
An ionic compound that does not contain either a hydrogen ion or a hydroxide ion is a
Salt
Energy is absorbed from the surroundings and stored in chemical bounds by an
Endothermic reaction
Using an electrical current through a solution to coat an object with a thin layer of metal
Electroplating
The study of the rates of chemical reactions is
Chemical kinetics
The building blocks of proteins
Amion acids
The number indicating how many molecules are involved in a reaction
coefficient
What property of water measures the acidity and basicity of solutions
Water reacts slightly with itself
What is the uniqueness of carbon
Carbon has 4 valence elctrons
What molecule is the working copy of genetic information
RNA
What substances transport cholesterol
Lipoproteins
Why is ammonia a base
it produces hydroxide ions
What is used for short term fuel storage
Starch
What type of reaction occurs when two compounds switch two parts
Double displacement
If 1x10^-4 is increased by 6, what is the new pH?
10
What functional group is found in the middle of the molecule
Ester group
What is true about every anode of every electrochemical cell
Electron current leaves at the anode
When an equilibrium is disturbed, what causes the system to partially offset the disturbance
Le Chatelier’s principle
What is a comibionation reaction
A+B—–> AB
Hydrogen gas uses Zn and how many HCl?
2
A compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon and has a cyclic structure with delocalized electrons
Aromatic hydrocarbon
Kinetic energy that two colliding molecules must have to undergo a chemical change
activation energy
What is a chemical change resulting from a collision between molecules
Chemical reaction
What term describes a chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the arrow
Balanced
What is Hv3O+ called
Oxonium
What is a segment of DNA contains the code for a specific substance
Gene
What term describes a substance that is neither and acid or a base
Neutral
What branch of chemistry studies carbon containing compounds
Organic Chemistry
What is the term for reaction which electrons are transferred between atoms
redox
What term is a situation that 2 reaction are in opposite directions occur at the same rate
Equilibrium
What are atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers
Isoopes
How many neutrons are in 26/12 Mg?
14
What bond is when 4 electrons are shared with 2 atoms
Double bond
What is the minimum amount of material required for a reaction to occur?
Critical mass
What does the Bohr model look like
A nucleus with layered shells of electrons
What will cause the sugar cube to dissolve most quickly
hot water being stirred
What type of substance is MnO4-
a polyatomic ion
What is the symbol for oxygen
O
What is the symbol for potassium
K
What is the symbol for sodium
Na
What is the symbol for gold
Au
The idea that tiny particles do not absorb or release energy smoothly
Quantum theory
The idea that no two electrons can have the same 4 qunatum numbers
Pauli exclusion principle
What is the molar mass of B2H6 B=10.81 and H=1.008
27.67
A homogenous mixture is a
solution
An atom that has a positive charge is
A cation
If 2 atoms are bonded covalently with different charges the bond between them is
Polar
A substance made of 2 or more elements
Compound
Elements are divided into 3 groups, metals, semimetals, and ?
Nonmetals
Mixing molecues by random molecular motion
diffusion
1 Uranium and 6 fluorine is
Uranium hexafluoride
What is not a principle of atomic theory
All atoms are made of subatomic particles
What type of decay is when unstable atom ejects 2 protons and 2 neutrons
Alpha decay
The decay in which an electron is emitted
Gamma
one way diffusion through a semi permeable membrane
Osmosis
The strongest intermolecular force
hydrogen bond
Intermolecular force between all molecules
London force
The property that describes how strongly atoms pull on electrons
electronegativity
What would increase a boiling point if everything else stays the same?
increase intermolecular forces
What is Ca
Calcium
What is the only metals that is liquid at room temperature
mercury
What is not a suspension
table salt
What type of reactor produces more fuel than it consumes
Breeder reactor
Substances that are composed of only 1 type of atoms
element
What is an empirical formula
just letters
What is needed for hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen must be bound to an electronegative atom
What is a row of elements
period
A physical combination of pure substances
mixtures
What is Scl4
Sulfur tetrachloride
