Chapters 13 & 14 Vocabulary Terms Flashcards
standardized test
is an assessment tool administered, scored and interpreted in a predetermined manner which assesses student achievement and aptitude.
norm-referenced
the interpretation of a student’s testing performance to that of other test takers.
criterion-referenced
the interpretation of a student’s testing performance to how much of a specified domain the student has mastered.
mean
the average of a group of numbers or scores
median
the midpoint of a group of numbers or scores
stanine
a scale score that divides student scores into 9 units with one-half standard deviation between each. A score of 9 or 1 has about 4% of the scores while the middle, 5, has 20% of the scores.
percentile
a system of scoring students in a norm-group to one another by comparing how a student outperformed the rest of the students in the norm-group.
normal curve equivalent
a scale score that involves raw scores that should be distributed in a position that would indicate normal distribution.
standard deviation
the difference in the range of a group of scores from the mean score of that group.
standard error of measurement
an estimate of how likely one’s test performance is to yield comparable scores on an equidifficult test.
p-value
an indicator used to assign value of difficulty to an item’s difficulty. (ex. An item answered correctly by 80% of students would have a p-value of 0.80)
scaled score
raw scores based on student performance that have been converted into a new chosen scale.
item response theory
an approach used for reporting of a student’s test performance that takes into account the raw score, item difficulty, guessability and other factors.
grade-equivalent
indicates how a student has done on a standardized test based on grade levels and months of the school year. (ex. score of 5.6 = grade 5 month 6 of school year)
item discrimination
a numerical indicator of a particular test item that gauges the high total-test performers and the low total-test performers.
