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ap gov unit 1 > chapters 1.1-1.6 > Flashcards

chapters 1.1-1.6 Flashcards

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1
Q

direct democracy is…?

A

citizens meet and vote directly on gov. decisions

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2
Q

representative democracy is…?

A

citizens choosing officials who make decisions on gov. policy

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3
Q

john locke believed in what?

A

natural rights; life, liberty, and property

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4
Q

hobbes believed in what?

A

people need to give up total freedom in order to live a peaceful life

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5
Q

locke vs hobbes on central gov.?

A

locke believed that people should give some power to the gov so that they could protect the people’s natural rights. hobbes believed society would work best if there was strict authority.

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6
Q

social contract theory + who believed in it?

A

people get in a social contract with the gov. and allow themselves to be ruled. made by rousseau

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7
Q

natural rights

A

idea that all people are born with a set of rights that no gov. can ever take away from them.

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8
Q

declaration of independence

A

made by jefferson, justified american revolution against england, built from ideas like “life, liberty, pursuit of happiness,” social contract theory, etc.

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9
Q

weaknesses in the articles of confederation

A
  • states too independent, weak association
  • no federal power to tax citizens
  • no strong central gov to keep state govs in line
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10
Q

common good

A

whats best for the nation overall

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11
Q

shays rebellion

A

came from weaknesses in articles of confederation. farmer who protested against gov. because he lost his money and property. example of weak gov

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12
Q

constitutional debate

A

convention in philly, 1787, to write new consitution. major debates between federalists vs anti-federalists, north vs south states, big vs small states,

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13
Q

3/5 compromise

A

created by states with large enslaved population, enslaved people could vote but 1 would only count as 3/5 of a normal vote

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14
Q

connecticut compromise resulted in?

A

bicameralism

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15
Q

bicameralism is…?

A

congress/legislature having two houses, house of representatives and senate

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16
Q

federalists

A

wanted strong central gov

17
Q

anti-federalists

A

wanted less central power more states power

18
Q

what did article 1 in the constitution address?

A

legislative branch; house + senate: congress

19
Q

what did article 2 in the constitution address?

A

executive branch: president + advisors

20
Q

what did article 3 in the constitution address?

A

judicial branch: supreme court and other federal courts

21
Q

what did article 4 in the constitution address?

A

relations between states

22
Q

what did article 5 in the constitution address?

A

how a new amendment would be created

23
Q

separation of powers

A

each three branches of gov have their own independent power

24
Q

what does the legislative branch do?

A

passes laws

25
Q

what does the executive branch do?

A

carries out laws

26
Q

what does the judicial branch do?

A

interprets laws and decides if they’re constitutional

27
Q

checks and balances

A

each branch has some power over the others but keeps its independence

28
Q

federalism

A

separation of powers between federal, states, and local govs

29
Q

bill of rights

A

1st the amendments to the constitution that guarantees certain rights

30
Q

1st amendment

A

freedom of speech

31
Q

2nd amendment

A

right to bear arms

32
Q

4th amendment

A

no unreasonable searches

33
Q

5th amendment

A

right to trial

34
Q

6th amendment

A

right to quick trial with lawyer

35
Q

8th amendment

A

no extreme bails or fines, no cruel or unusual punishments

36
Q

10th amendment

A

federal gov only has the powers states in the constitution

ap gov unit 1 (1 decks)

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