Chapters 11-14 Terms and Definitons Flashcards
asexual reproduction
Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself
sexual reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that
combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
cell division
the process in reproduction and growth by which a cell
divides to form daughter cells
gametes
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to
unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
mitosis
cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
cell cycle
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
M-phase
The phase of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and
cytokinesis.
interphase
the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions
of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of
meiosis
s phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
G1 phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting
of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
G2 phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis
occurs.
G0 phase
a non dividing state occupied by cells that have left the
cell cycle, sometimes reversibly
karyotype
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes
in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
homologous
term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a
corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent
