Chapters 10-21 Flashcards
Any drug that binds to a receptor and causes a response has __________ properties
Agonist
Mrs. M. had breast reduction surgery yesterday and is complaining of pain around her incisions. Mrs. M. is experiencing _________ pain.
Acute
Mrs. G is experiencing pain and itching due to a severe case of poison ivy on the skin of her arms and legs. She is experiencing _________ pain.
Superficial
Mr. E. paces the floor all night, holding his side. The pain is so severe that he is nauseated. His wife brings him to the ED, where it is quickly discovered that Mr. E. has a kidney stone. The type of pain he has been experiencing is ____________pain.
Visceral
Mr. D’s drug binds to a receptor, but the drug prevents, or blocks, a response. he is taking a drug with _________ properties.
Antagonist
When a second drug is given with a primary analgesic to enhance the analgesic effect, the second drug is being used as a(n) ______________ drug.
Adjuvant
Mr. P. is receiving an opioid around the clock for late-stage cancer pain. Lately,l he has found that the pain medication is not working as well as it did a week ago. This is an example of opioid _______.
Tolerance
The level of stimulus needed to produce a painful sensation is referred to as the pain ________.
Threshold
Mr. J. twisted his ankle in a friendly basketball game with his peers after work. His wife brings him to the urgent care center several hours later because of the pain. Mr. J. is probably experiencing __________pain.
Somatic
Mrs. H has experience back pain “for year.” She says that it is worse in the late afternoon and at night but that “really, even when it lessens somewhat, it is there all the time in some form.” Mrs. H is experiencing _______pain.
Chronic
Mr. R. is brought to the emergency department in severe pain. The emergency department team recognized the need to immediately bring the pain under some control. After assessing that it is not contraindicated, the attending physician initiates administration of a very strong pain killer. This is no doubt a(n) ___________ analgesic.
Opioid
This word is often used interchangeably with the term OPIOID.
Opiate
Ms. T. is taking a drug that binds to part of a receptor and causes effects that are not as strong as those of a pure agonist. She is taking a(n) _________ agonist.
Partial
During a marathon, a runner had to drop out after 16 miles because of severe muscle spasms. Which type of pain is the runner experiencing?
a. Chronic
b. Somatic
c. Visceral
d. Superficial
b. Somatic
A young man has been taken to the emergency department becasue of a suspected overdose of morphine tablets. The nurse prepares to administer which drug?
a. atropine
b. meperedine (Demerol)
c. flumazenil (Romazicon)
d. naloxone (Narcan)
d. naloxone (Narcan)
An anticonvulsant drug has been ordered as part of a patient’s pain management program. The nurse explains to the patient that the purpose of the anticonvulsants is to:
a. produce sleep
b. prevent seizures
c. relieve neuropathic pain.
d. reduce anxiety
c. relieve neuropathic pain.
Moderate to severe pain is best treated with which of these medications:
a. acetaminophen (Tylenol)
b. naloxone (Narcan)
c. alprazolam (Xanax)
d. fentanyl (Duragesic)
d. fentanyl (Duragesic)
The nurse is preparing to administer an opioid analgesic. Which factors should be assessed before the dose is given (SELECT ALL)
a. blood clotting times
b. the level of pain rated on a scale
c. prior analgesic use
d. dietary history
e. allergies
b. the level of pain rated on a scale
c. prior analgesic use
e. allergies
Acute Pain
Pain that is sudden and usually subsides when treated
Chronic Pain
Persistent or recurring pain that is often difficult to treat
Somatic Pain
Pain that originates from the skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints.
Visceral
Pain that originates from the organs or smooth muscles
Superficial Pain
Pain that originates from the skin or mucous membranes
Vascular Pain
Pain that is thought to account for most migraine headaches
Neuropathic Pain
Pain that results from injury or damage to the peripheral nervous fibers
Phantom Pain
Pain that relates to a body part that has been removed
Central Pain
Pain that occurs with tumors, trauma, or inflammation of the brain.
General
The term for anesthetic drugs that alter the central nervous system, resuting in loss of consciousness and deep muscle relaxation
An anticholinergic drug given preoperatively to dry secretions
Atropine
Generic name for the drug that is most often used for moderate sedation procedures
Midazolam (Versed)
A type of anesthetic that is applied directly to the skin and mucous membranes
Topical
A commonly used, long-acting, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD)
Pancuronium
A type of anesthetic drug that reduces pain sensations at the level of the peripheral nerves
Local
Drugs used in combination with anesthetics for anesthesia intiation (induction), sedation, reduction of anxiety, and amnesia
Adjunctive
The term for drugs that depress the CNS; used for surgical procedures
Anesthetics
The practice of using combinations of drugs to produce general anesthesia rather than using a single drug
Balanced
The only depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD) available; used for endotracheal intubation
Succinylcholine
Which drug classes are used as adjunctive drugs with anesthesia? (SELECT ALL)
a. Sedative-hypnotics
b. Anticonculsants
c. Anticholinergics
d. Inhaled gas
e. Opioid analgesics
a. Sedative-hypnotics
c. Anticholinergics
e. Opioid analgesics
While assisting with a procedure in the emergency department, the nurse prepares lidocaine (Xylocaine) for use with which type of anesthesia?
a. moderate sedation
b. infiltration
c. intravenous
d. general
b. Infiltration
The nurse monitoring a patient after surgery keeps in mind that the primary concern with use of a neuromuscular blocking drug is which adverse effect?
a. Respiratory arrest
b. Headache
c. Bradycardia
d. Hypertension
a. Respiratory arrest
To decrease the possibility of a headache after spinal anesthesia, the nurse will provide with instruction to the patient?
a. Sit in high Fowler’s position
b. Maintain strict bedrest
c. Limit fluids
d. ambulate in the hall several time a day
b. Maintain strict bedrest
The nurse is reviewing a policy for local anesthesia. Local anesthesia is indicated for which procedure? (SELECT ALL)
a. cardioversions
b. suturing a skin laceration
c. diagnostic procedures
d. long-duration surgery
e. dental procedures
b. suturing a skin laceration
c. diagnostic procedures
e. dental procedures
A patient who has just returned from surgery has suddenly developed a sever elevation in body temperature. the nurse recognizes that this change may indicate which condition?
a. A normal temperature change after surgery
b. Malignant hypertension
c. Malignant hyperthermia
d. Fever
c. Malignant hyperthermia
During a procedure, the nurse is monitoring a patient who has received dexmedetomidine (Precedex) for moderate sedation. The nurse will observe for which potential adverse effect?
a. Respiratory depression
b. Tachycardia
c. Dizziness
d. Hypotension
d. Hypotension
When reviewing actions of drugs, the nurse recognizes that a hypnotic is a drug that performs which action?
a. Produces sleep
b. Stops seizures
c. Prevents nausea and vomiting
d. Relieves pain
a. produces sleep
A patient who has been taking a benazodiazepine for 5 weeks has been instructed to stop the medication. Which instruction will the nurse provide to the patient on how to discontinue the medication?
a. stop taking the drug immediately
b. plan a gradual reduction in dosage
c. overlap this medication with another drug
d. take the medication every other day for a number of weeks.
b. plan a gradual reduction in dosage
A patient will be undergoing a breif surgical procedure to obtain a biopsy from a superficial mass on his arm. The nurse expects that which type of barbiturate will be used at this time?
a. Ultrashort
b. Short
c. Intermediate
d. Long
a. Ultrashort
While monitoring a patient who took an overdose of barbituates, the nurse keeps in mid that the cause of death would be which of these?
a. tachycardia
b. hypertension
c. dyspnea
d. respiratory arrest
d. respiratory arrest
A patient with back muscle spasms is being treated with a skeletal muscle relaxant. In order to ensure that these drugs are most effective, the nurse will make sure what other treatment is ordered?
a. benzodiazepines
b. moist heat
c. physical therapy
d. aspirin
c. physical therapy
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has accidentally taken an overdose of benzodiazepines. Which drug would be used to treat this patient?
a. methamphetamine
b. flumazenil (Romazicon)
c. epinephrine
d. naloxone (Narcan)
b. flumazenil (Romazicon)
A patient will be receiving the barbiturate phenobarbital as part of treatment for seizures. The nurse assess the patient’s current list of medication. Which medication(s) is/are known to cause interactions with barbiturates? (SELECT ALL)
a. Benzodiazepines
b. Proton pump inhibitors
c. Oral contraceptives
d. Anticoagulants
e. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
a. Benzodiazepines
c. Oral contraceptives
d. Anticoagulants
e. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
The nurse if reviewing a patient’s medication administration record. Which best describes a common use for doxapram (Dopram)?
a. to control increased respiration caused by other drugs
b. to treat drug-induced respiratory depression
c. to treat postoperative respiratory excitation
d. to stimulate respiration in patients with a head injury
b. to treat drug-induced respiratory depression
The nurse is administering a stimulant drug. Which are results of stimulation of the central nervous system by these drugs? (SELECT ALL)
a. increased fatigue
b. decreased drowsiness
c. increased respiration
d. bradycardia
e. euphoira
b. decreased drowsiness
c. increased respiration
e. euphoira
A patient has asked for a cup of coffee. The nurse keeps in mind that patients with a history of which condition need to avoid caffeine?
a. Cardiac dysrhythmias
b. asthma
c. diabetes mellitus
d. gallbladder disease
a. cardiac dysrhythmias
The physician has ordered orlistat (Xenical). The nurse recognizes that this drug is used to treat which condition?
a. anorexia
b. malnutrition
c. narcolepsy
d. obesity
d. obesity
When a child is taking drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, what will the nurse instruct the carefgivers to closely monitor in the child?
a. blood glucose levels
b. physical growth, especially weight
c. grades at school
d. respiratory rates
b. physical growth, especially weight
