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OSullivan > Chapters 1-9 CDM and Examination > Flashcards

Chapters 1-9 CDM and Examination Flashcards

1
Q

Levels of evidence - level 1

A

Systematic reviews

Meta analysis

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2
Q

Levels of evidence - level 2

A

RCT

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3
Q

Levels of evidence - level 3

A

Nonrandomized control cohort study

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4
Q

Levels of evidence - level 4

A

Case control

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5
Q

Levels of evidence - level 5

A

Cross sectional studies

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6
Q

Levels of evidence - level 6

A

Case series

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7
Q

Levels of evidence - level 7

A

Case reports

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8
Q

Levels of evidence - level 8

A

Ideas, opinions

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9
Q 
Normal vitals - newborn
Temp
Pulse
RR
BP
A

Temp - 98.6 - 99.8
Pulse - 120-160
RR - 30-80
BP - 50/30

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10
Q 
Normal vitals - adult 
Temp
Pulse
RR
BP
A

Temp - 96.8 - 99.5
Pulse - 60-100
RR - 12 - 20
BP - less than 120/80

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11
Q 
Normal vitals - older adult
Temp
Pulse
RR
BP
A

Temp - 96.5-97.5
Pulse - 60-100
RR - 15 - 25
BP - less than 120/80

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12
Q

Upper resp airways include

A

nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx

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13
Q

Resp zone

A

GAS EXCHANGE
resp bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveoli (alveolar sacs)

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14
Q

Conductive zone

A

NOT CONTRIBUTE TO GAS EXCHANGE
Trachea
Bronchi
Terminal bronchioles

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15
Q

Normal inspiration lasts how long

A

1 - 1.5 seconds

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16
Q

Normal expiration lasts how long

A

2-3 seconds

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17
Q

Central chemoreceptors are responsive to

A

CO2 or H ion levels of arterial blood

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18
Q

Peripheral chemoreceptors are responsive to

A

partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)

Located at bifurcation of carotid arteries and in arch of aorta

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19
Q

CNS depressants

A 
Narcotics
Barbituates 
Benzodiazapines
Muscle relaxants
Tricyclic antidepressants
Anticonvulsants

All dec rate and depth of respirations

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20
Q

Cheyne Stokes respirations

A

gradual increase in depth of respirations followed by decrease and then period of apnea

Occurs with coma, BG disease, and occasionally in CHF

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21
Q

Alert

A

awake and attentive to normal levels of stimulation

interactions with PT are normal and appropriate

22
Q

Lethargic

A

Drowsy and may fall asleep if not stimulated in some way
Interactions with PT may get diverted
Pt may have difficulty focusing or maintaining attn on question or task

23
Q

Obtunded

A

Difficult to arouse from somnolent state and freq confused when awake
Repeated stim required to maintain consciousness

24
Q

Stupor

A

Semicoma
Pt responds only to strong, generally noxious stimuli and returns to unconcios state when stimulation is stopped
When aroused is unable to interact with PT

25
Q

Coma

A

deep coma
Cannot be aroused with any stimulation
Reflexes may or may not be seen

26
Q

Free nerve endings

A

pain, temp, touch, pressure, tickle, itch

27
Q

Hair follicle endings

A

mechanical movement and touch

28
Q

Merkel discs

A

low intensity touch, velocity of touch, constant indentation of skin (pressure)

29
Q

Ruffini endings

A 
touch and pressure
Deep ruffini (mm receptors) - direction and velocity of join movement
30
Q

Krause’s end bulb

A

perception of touch and pressure

31
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles

A

discriminative touch

movement of objects over skin

32
Q

Pacinian corpuscles

A

deep touch and vibration

Monitor rapid joint movement

33
Q

Muscle spindles

A

position and movement sense

34
Q

GTOs

A

Tension within the muscle

Protective mechanism to mm in extreme tension - inhibits contracting muscle and facilitates antagonist

35
Q

Anterolateral spinothalamic pathway

A

pain, temp, tickle, itch, sexual sensations
Ant - pressure, touch
Lat - pain and temp

36
Q

DCML

A

disriminative touch, stereognosis, tactile pressure, barognosis, graphesthesia, recognition of texture, kinesthesia, two point discrimination, proprioception, vibration

37
Q

Myotomes - C5

A

Shoulder abduction
Shoulder flexion
Deltoid

38
Q

Myotomes - C5, C6

A

Elbow flexion - Biceps

Wrist extension - ECRL, ECRB

39
Q

Myotomes - C7

A

Wrist flexion - FCR, FCU

Elbow extension - Triceps

40
Q

Myotomes - C8

A

Ulnar deviation - FCU, ECU

41
Q

Myotomes - T1

A

Digit abd/add - Interossei

42
Q

Myotomes - L2, L3

A

Hip flexion - iliopsoas

43
Q

Myotomes - L2, L3, L4

A

Knee extension - Quadriceps

44
Q

Myotomes - L4

A

DF - ant tib

45
Q

Myotomes - L5

A

Great toe ext - EHL

46
Q

Myotomes - S1

A

PF - gastroc

Eversion - Peroneus longus, brevis

47
Q

Decorticate rigidity

A

UE flexed

LE extended

48
Q

Decerebrate rigidity

A

All extended

49
Q

minimum wheelchair ramp grade

A

1:12 ratio
If outdoor and experience inclement weather, then 1:20

Min of 36 in wide

50
Q

Doorway width

A

32 to 34 inches

51
Q

Carpeting

A

0.25 - 0.5 in (0.635 - 1.27cm)

OSullivan (3 decks)

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