Chapters 1-6 Flashcards
commercial firms that have developed with or stem from agriculture.
agribusiness
management of agricultural resources, including farms and agribusinesses.
agricultural economics
teaching and program management in agriculture.
agricultural education
application of engineering principles in agricultural settings.
agricultural engineering
activities concerned with the production of plants and animals, and the related supplies, services, mechanics, products, processing, and marketing.
agriculture
the application of scientific principles and new technologies to agriculture.
agriscience
science and economics of managing land and field crops.
agronomy
use of modern principles and practices in animal growth and management.
animal science technology
animal growth, care, and management.
animal sciences
raising of finfish, shellfish, and other aquatic animals under controlled conditions. Also, the management of the aquatic environment for production of plants and animals.
aquaculture
chemistry as it applies to living matter.
biochemistry
basic science of the plant and animal kingdoms.
biology
use of cells or components of cells to produce products or processes.
biotechnology
science dealing with the characteristics of elements or simple substances.
chemistry
use of modern principles in growing and managing crops.
crop science
science of insect life.
entomology
all the conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting an organism.
environment
use of electronics and ultramodern equipment to perform tasks and control machinery and processes.
high technology
the science of producing, processing, and marketing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
horticulture
the application of science to industrial uses.
industrial technology
pest-control program based on multiple-control practices.
integrated pest management
food that has been grown without the use of certain chemical pesticides.
organic food
fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
ornamentals
resources provided by nature that can replace themselves.
renewable natural resources
study of the properties and management of soil to grow plants.
soil science
application of science to an industrial or commercial objective; also, the equipment and expertise to cultivate, harvest, store, process, and transport crops for consumption.
technology
the turfgrass plant and soil immediately below it; also, grass used for decorative or soil-holding purposes.
turf
all aspects of water conservation and management.
water resources
a can with contents under pressure.
aerosol
wire with sharp points used to discourage livestock from touching fences.
barbed wire
superior baking potato bred to grow well in the Northeast.
BelRus
breed of turkey that weighs only 8 to 12 lb at maturity.
Beltsville Small White
disease of poultry that costs growers nearly $300 million a year.
coccidiosis
machine that is used to cut and thresh seed crops such as grain.
combine
apartment building or unit in which the apartments are individually owned.
condominium
to add material that will change the purity or usefulness of a substance.
contaminate
machine that removes ears of corn from stalks.
corn picker
machine that removes cotton seed from cotton fiber.
cotton gin
less available than needed for optimum growth.
deficiency
widespread starvation.
famine
solid body waste.
feces
any edible material used for animal feed.
feedstuff
movement of genes from one cell to another.
genetic engineering
process in which many countries became self-sufficient in food production.
Green Revolution
plant or animal offspring from crossing two different species or varieties.
hybrid
not affected by.
immune
popular, easy-to-grow, summer flowering plant.
Impatiens
a six-legged animal with three body segments.
insect
popular potato variety of the 1930s.
Katahdin
an intense, narrow beam of light that is used to measure nutrient deficiencies in plants from an orbiting satellite.
laser
plant in which certain nitrogen-fixing bacteria use nitrogen gas from the air and convert it to nitrates that the plant can use as food.
legume
infection of the milk-secreting glands of cattle, goats, and other milk-production animals.
mastitis
machine that milks cows and goats.
milking machine
plow with a curved bottom that will turn prairie soils.
moldboard plow
natural substance in blood that fights diseases and infections.
monoclonal antibody
organism that lives in or on another organism with no benefit to the host.
parasite
containing harmful chemicals or organisms.
polluted
machine that cuts grain.
reaper
a baking potato variety best adapted for growth in sandy volcanic soils.
Russet
water that is free of harmful chemicals and disease causing organisms.
safe water
mating adults who have characteristics desired in the offspring.
selective breeding
receives and treats human waste.
sewage system
food made by boiling and crushing soybeans and letting it coagulate into curds.
tofu
one of a row of houses connected by common side walls.
townhouse
source of power for belt-driven machines, as well as for pulling.
tractor
liquid body waste.
urine
deoxyribonucleic acid.
(DNA)
a base in genes designated by the letter A.
adenine (A)
genetic material that connects strands of DNA.
base
life or living.
bio
hormone that stimulates increased milk production in cows.
bovine somatotropin (BST)
exact duplicate.
clone
a base in genes designated by the letter C.
cytosine (C)
coded genetic material in a cell.
deoxyribonucleic acid
a unit of hereditary material located on a chromosome.
gene
finding and recording the locations of genes in a cell.
gene mapping
the process of removing and inserting genes in cells.
gene splicing
the collective offspring of common parents.
generation
movement of genes from one cell to another.
genetic engineering
the biology of heredity.
genetics
a base in genes designated by the letter G.
guanine (G)
transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring.
heredity
bacteria that retard frost formation on plant leaves.
ice-minus
picking the best parents for the next generation.
improvement by selection
chemical used to control blood sugar levels.
insulin
the process of identifying the location of a specific gene on a chromosome.
mapping
original name for deoxyribonucleic acid.
nucleic acid
hormone that increases meat production in swine.
porcine somatotropin (PST)
offspring.
progeny
gene splicing.
recombinant DNA technology
mating adults who have characteristics desired in the offspring.
selective breeding
a base in genes designated by the letter T.
thymine (T)
design, operation, maintenance, service, selling, and use of power units, machinery, equipment, structures, and utilities in agriscience.
agricultural mechanics
industry that hauls, grades, processes, packages, and markets commodities from production sources.
agricultural processing, products and distribution
businesses that sell supplies and agencies that provide services for people in agriscience.
agricultural supplies and services
professional jobs dealing with agriscience situations.
agriscience professions
industry that grows, manages, and harvests trees for lumber, poles, posts, panels, paper, and many other commodities.
forestry
the science of producing, processing, and marketing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
horticulture
farming and ranching.
production agriculture
an occupation requiring specialized education
profession
education in or understanding about agriscience.
agriscience literacy
an original agricultural research project consisting of identifying a problem, a review of scientific literature, conducting a research project, and reporting the results.
agriscience research project
a record of skills that have been developed, and the level of competence in each.
agriscience skills profile
a person’s occupation or profession.
career
learning about occupations and jobs as part of the process of choosing one’s life work.
career exploration
commercial business to generate profits.
enterprise
enterprises that are supervised by teachers and conducted by students as owners or managers of businesses based on agriscience.
entrepreneurship supervised agricultural experience
a program in which the teacher conducts activities that allow students to become involved in learning a variety of subjects about agriscience and careers related to agriculture.
exploratory supervised agricultural experience
a national intracurricular organization for students enrolled in agriscience programs in their schools.
FFA
project that improves beauty, convenience, safety, value, or efficiency learned outside of the regularly scheduled classroom or laboratory classes.
improvement activities
a career experience that places a student in a business for a specific period to learn technical skills through actual work experiences.
internship
a person who teaches their career skills to students using hands-on experiences in work settings.
mentor
experience obtained while working in an actual job setting.
on-the-job training
career experiences that place students with employers who are conducting agricultural business such as farming ranching, greenhouses, and others.
placement supervised agricultural experience
career experiences that place students with employers who are conducting agricultural business such as farming ranching, greenhouses, and others.
placement supervised agricultural experience program
project conducted for wages or profit.
production enterprise
a series of activities related to a single objective or enterprise.
project
an activity conducted in the daily routine of our society.
real-world experience
summary of the resources that may be available for conducting a SAEP.
resource inventory
a summary of a person’s education, technical skills, and career experiences.
resumé
a procedure for investigating problems of a scientific nature.
scientific method
to look or act like.
simulate
all the supervised agricultural experiences that are learned outside the regularly scheduled classroom or laboratory
supervised agricultural experience (SAE)
network of youth clubs directed by Cooperative Extension System personnel to enhance personal development and provide skill development in many areas.
4-H
a motion used to close a meeting.
adjourn
a type of motion used to add to, subtract from, or strike out words in a main motion.
amend
youth organization that provides opportunities for leadership development and skill development.
Boy Scout
a gathering of people working together to make decisions.
business meeting
functioning and interacting in a society in a positive way.
citizenship
an educational agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an arm of land-grant state universities.
Cooperative Extension System
willingness to proceed under difficult conditions.
courage
energy to do a job and inspiration to encourage others.
enthusiasm
meeting of the officers to conduct business of the organization between regular meetings.
executive meeting
a form of public speaking wherein some preparation is made, but the speech is not written out or memorized.
extemporaneous speaking
a small wooden hammer-like tool that is used by the presiding officer to direct a meeting.
gavel
youth organization that provides opportunities for leadership development and skill development.
Girl Scout
capable of personally upholding a high moral standard.
integrity
familiarity, awareness, and understanding.
knowledge
a motion used to stop discussion on a motion until the next meeting. The way to table a motion is to say, ?I move to table the motion.?
lay on the table
to show the way by going in advance or to guide the action or opinion of.
lead
the capacity or ability to lead.
leadership
reliable support for an individual, group, or cause.
loyalty
a basic motion used to present a proposal for the first time. The way to state it is to get recognized and then say, ?I move . . . ?
main motion
to use people, resources, and processes to reach a goal.
manage
the official written record of a business meeting.
minutes
a proposal for group action that is presented in a meeting to be acted on by an organization.
motion
the items and sequence of activities conducted at a meeting.
order of business
a system of guidelines or rules for making group decisions in business meetings.
parliamentary procedure
to think through.
plan
a procedure used to object to some item in or about a meeting that is not being done properly. The procedure to use is to say, ?point of order.? The presiding officer should then recognize the member by saying, ?State your point.?
point of order
a president, vice president, or chairperson who is designated to lead a business meeting.
presiding officer
A motion used to refer some other motion to a committee or person for finding more information and/or taking action on the motion on behalf of the members.
refer
a person elected or appointed to take notes and prepare minutes of the meeting.
secretary
placing the desires and welfare of others above oneself.
selflessness
skill of encouraging others in positive ways.
tact
