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Infant Development > Chapters 1-5 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Neonatal

A

the period of time around the birth of the infant- usually the first six weeks of life

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2
Q

Define: Vernix

A

a protective, creamy white, waxy substance that covers some of the skin of the newborn baby

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3
Q

Six abilities of parents that can help make the transition to parenthood a good one:

A
  • give up individual goals and work as a team
  • resolve differences about sharing tasks
  • handle stress successfully
  • understand that the good elements of a partnership will relate to different things after the baby
  • communicate in ways that nurture their partnership
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4
Q

Define: fontanels

A

the soft spots, front (anterior) and the back (posterior), on the infant’s head, over which unconnected bones are lined with a protective material

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5
Q

Define: lanugo

A

soft hair that covers the fetus and newborn and helps the vernix stick to the skin

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6
Q

Define: milia

A

small white spots, mainly on the nose or the face, caused by blocked sebaceous glands; requires no treatment

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7
Q

Define: meconium

A

fetal fees, usually expelled after birth

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8
Q

What to look for regarding potential neglect and abuse:

A
  • Pale
  • Bruises
  • Not getting enough sleep
  • Know what is developmentally appropriate so you know when something is wrong
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9
Q

Methods of observation:

A
  • Naturalistic

- Standardized developmental tests

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10
Q

Ways of measuring development:

A
  • High amplitude sucking
  • Preference paradigm
  • conditioned head turning
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11
Q

What do the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) measure?

A
  • mental capacity
  • motor skills
  • cognition
  • language
  • adaptive
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12
Q

What are Operant and Contingency?

A

Operant: behaviour
Contingency: consequences of behaviour.
ex. the operant would be the dog sitting and the contingency would be the dog getting a treat each time he sits.

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13
Q

What are some Cognitive Related Behaviours?

A
  • Imitation
  • Memory
  • Social referencing
  • Joint attention
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14
Q

What are the seven needs of infants?

A
  • Communication
  • Physical
  • Psychological
  • Emotional
  • Social
  • Cognitive
  • Adaptive
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15
Q

Define this need:

  • Adequate shelter, protection from harm
  • Nutritious and appropriate food
  • Preventative health and dental care
  • Cleanliness, hand washing
  • Rest and activity
A

Physical Needs

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16
Q

Define this need:

  • Affection and consistency
  • Security and trust (dependable)
  • Acceptance and positive attitudes
  • Supportive environment
  • Respect accomplishments big or small
  • Descriptive praise, not generic
A

Psychological and Emotional needs

17
Q

Define this need:

  • Freedom to explore and experiment
  • Access to developmentally appropriate activities
  • Role models
  • Need opportunities to play in various forms
  • Play is an essential component of early learning
A

Cognitive Needs

18
Q

Stage Theory:

A
  • Like stairs
  • Hierarchical
  • Universal
  • Invariant
  • Sequential
19
Q

What does Vygotsky focus on?

A
  • the cultural environment in which the kids are in
20
Q

Parts of the Bronfenbrenner Model:

A
  • Micro: the smallest relationship that effects the child (child-parent)
  • Meso: the relationship between relationships (child-parent, child-teacher)
  • Exo: the neighbourhood
  • Macro: the culture
21
Q

Awareness of one’s emotions, need to control their behaviour

A

Emotional Development

22
Q

T of F: Temperament and personality are the same.

A

False: they are different

23
Q

Nine Categories of Temperament as discovered by Chess and Thomas

A
  1. Rhythmicity: regularity of eating, toileting, and sleeping
  2. Approach or withdrawal of situations and people
  3. Adaptability: ease in change in routines
  4. Activity level: energy in movement
  5. Threshold of responsiveness
  6. Intensity of reaction to stimuli
  7. Quality of mood (showing emotions
  8. Distractibility
  9. Attention span and persistence
24
Q

Define: Sensitive Period

A

Effect of experience on the brain is strong, limited period of development

25
Q

Define: Critical Period

A

Window of time, most susceptible to stimulation, environment

Infant Development (1 decks)

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