Chapters 1-5

Question 1

What are the three domains of life based on rRNA sequence?

Answer 1

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Question 2

The linkage that results from the sharing of an electron is?

Answer 2

Covalent bond

Question 3

When the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom?

Answer 3

Ionic Bond

Question 4

Chemical bonds where electrons are shared unequally between two atoms due to difference in electronegativity?

Answer 4

Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 5

Chemical bonds in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms due to similar electronegative?

Answer 5

Non-polar Covalent Bonds

Question 6

Interaction involving a hydrogen atom located between a pair of other atoms having a high affinity for electrons?

Answer 6

Hydrogen Bonding

Question 7

Dependent on electron density fluctuations around atoms and requires molecules to “snuggle”

Answer 7

Van der Waals Interactions

Question 8

Polymers made from covalent bonding of simple building blocks are called

Answer 8

monomers

Question 9

Reactions used for polymer synthesis, lose water when combining monomers (Energy is required)

Answer 9

Dehydration Synthesis

Question 10

Splitting water to form monomers (Energy is released)

Answer 10

Hydrolysis

Question 11

The building blocks of carbohydrates

Answer 11

Monosaccharides

Question 12

Disaccharides form by the bonding of monosaccharides via the ______

Answer 12

Glycosidic bond

Question 13

A nitrogen-containing Polysaccharide?

Answer 13

Chitin

Question 14

What are four kinds of lipids?

Answer 14

Fats & Oils, Waxes, Phospholipids, Steroids

Question 15

C-c single bonds only, Number of H atoms is maximized, tightly packed; solids at room temp.

Answer 15

Saturated fatty acid

Question 16

C=C double bond(s), Cis or Trans configuration, Packed not tight; liquids at room temperature

Answer 16

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 17

Amino acid sequence in protein structure

Answer 17

Primary Structure

Question 18

Local folding of the polypeptide gives rise to the ________ in protein structure

Answer 18

Secondary Structure

Question 19

Unique 3D Structure resulting from multiple interactions between the side chains in protein structure

Answer 19

Tertiary structure

Question 20

Polypeptide subunit interactions constitute the ________ in protein structure

Answer 20

Quaternary Structure

Question 21

Which are involved in protein synthesis?

• tRNA
• RNA
• DNA
• mRNA
• rRNA

Answer 21

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

Question 22

Nucleic acid monomers are called

Answer 22

nucleotides

Question 23

Sugar + Phosphate + Base =

Answer 23

Nucleotide

Question 24

Base can be A,T,C, and G in _____

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

Base can be A, U, C, and G in _____

Answer 25

RNA

Question 26

Purines (double ring bases) =

Answer 26

A and G

Question 27

Pyrimidines (Single ring bases) =

Answer 27

T, U, and C

Question 28

Write in the pairings for DNA:

5’-AAGGTTCCATCG-3’

Answer 28

3’-TTCCAAGGTAGC-5’

Question 29

A pairs with U
G pairs with C

Answer 29

RNA

Question 30

Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) contain no nucleus. True or False?

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Eukaryotes (Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals) contain nucleus. True or False?

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Eukaryotes (Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals) contain nucleus. True or False?

Answer 32

True

Question 33

All cells have plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and ribosome. True or False?

Answer 33

True