Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Applied Behavior Analysis > Chapters 1-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Behavior

A

What people do and say

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the 4 dimensions of behavior

A

Frequency
Intensity
Latency
Duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Overt Behavior

A

Can be observed and recorded by a person other than the one engaging in the behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Covert Behavior

A

Aka “private events”

Behaviors that are not observable to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Behavior modification

A

The field of psychology concerned with analyzing and modifying human behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Target behavior

A

The behavior to be modified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Behavior excess

Give example

A

An undesirable target behavior that the person wants to decrease
Ex: tantrums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Behavioral deficit

Give example

A

A desirable target behavior that the person wants to increase
Ex: studying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is ongoing assessment necessary?

A

To determine whether the behavior change is maintained in the long run

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pavlov

A

Uncovered the basic process of respondent conditioning

Discovered the “conditioned reflex”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thorndike

A

Law of Effect–behavior that produced a favorable event in the environment is more likely to be repeated in the future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Watson

A

Started behaviorism

Described a stimulus-response psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Skinner

A

Foundation of behavior modification

Applied the principles of behavior analysis to human behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Behavioral assessment

A

Measurement of the target behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Indirect assessment

A

Does not occur when target behavior occurs–relies on another individuals recall
Ex: interviews, questionnaires, rating assessments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Direct assessment

A

A person observers and records target behavior as it occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Steps for developing behavior recording plain (4)

A
  1. Define target behavior
  2. Determine logistics of recording
  3. Choose recording method
  4. Choose recording instrument
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Behavioral definition

A

Includes active verbs describing specific behaviors that a person exhibits. It is objective and unambiguous.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Inter observer agreement

A

When 2 people record the behavior independently and both record that it occured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Self-monitoring
State requirement
Give EX

A

When the observer of the behavior is the same person that is exhibiting it
Person must be trained to monitor their behavior in the same way a trained observer would
Ex: keeping track of cigarettes you smoke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Natural setting

Give ex

A

The places in which the target behavior typically occurs

EX: classroom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Analogue setting

Give EX

A

A place the behavior doesn’t normally occur

Ex: clinical office

23
Q

Structured Observation

A

The observer arrangers for specific events or activities to occur during the observation period

24
Q

Unstructured observation

A

No specific events are arranged and no instructions are given during the observation period

25
Continuous recording
Every instance of the behavior occurring during the observation period is recorded by the observer May include frequency latency duration or intensity
26
Product recording
The tangible outcome or permanent product of the occurrence of the behavior is recorded
27
Interval recording
The occurrence or non- occurrence of the behavior is recorded in consecutive intervals of time during the observation period
28
Time sample recording
The occurrence or non-occurance of the behavior is recorded in discontinuous intervals of time during an observation period
29
Reactivity
When the process of recording behavior causes the behavior to change even before treatment is implemented
30
How to reduce reactivity? (2 ways)
1. Wait until the person being observed becomes accustomed to the observers presence 2. Observe the person without them knowing they're being observed (must get consent)
31
List and describe 3 recording methods that ARE NOT data sheets
1. Bar Code -- assign each behavior to particular barcode and scan barcode when behavior occurs 2. Stop watch -- to record cumulative duration of behavior 3. PDA -- applications for ABA 4. Paper Tears -- make small tears in piece of paper each time it occurs
32
Graph
Visual representation of the occurrence of a behavior over time
33
Competing response | Give ex
A response that is incompatible with the target behavior, therefor, performing the response makes the target behavior impossible to exhibit Ex: wearing gloves and nail biting
34
Horizontal axis | List 2 other names and what usually goes on it
X-axis, abscissa | Indicates time
35
Vertical axis
Y-axis, ordinate | Indicates level of behavior
36
List the 6 components of a graph
1. X and Y axis 2. X and Y axis labels 3. #s on X and Y axis 4. Data points 5. Phase lines 6. Phase labels
37
Phase lines
Vertical line on the graph that indicates a change in treatment --data points are NOT connected in between phase lines
38
Baseline
No treatment phase
39
Independent variable
What the researcher manipulates to produce a change in the target behavior
40
Dependent variable
The target behavior
41
Confounding variable | Give EX
An extraneous variable; an event that the researcher did not plan that may have affected the behavior Ex: a family fight that morning
42
Functional relationship
When a behavior modification procedure causes a target behavior to change
43
When has a functional relationship been established?
1. When the target behavior changes when an independent variable is manipulated, while all other variables are held constant 2. The process is replicated or repeated one or more times and the behavior changes each time
44
A-B research design
One baseline and one treatment phase A=baseline :: B=treatment Not a true research design because it does not demonstrate a functional relationship
45
Why is the A-B research design not a true research study?
It does not demonstrate a functional relationship because treatment is not replicated; it does not rule out the possibility that an extraneous variable was not responsible for the behavior change
46
A-B-A-B research design
Baseline and treatment phases are implemented twice After the first treatment phase is complete, the researcher removes the treatment and reverses back to base line, then implements the behavior again This accounts for extraneous variables and therefor demonstrates a functional relationship
47
When is it impossible/unethical to use an A-B-A-B research design Give EX
Unethical-When the behavior is dangerous Ex: self-injury Impossible-when the behavior involves learning (b/c you can't unlearn) Ex: reading
48
A-B-C-A-C
A=baseline B=treatment 1 C=treatment 2 Used when first treatment is ineffective and you try a 2nd that is effective, then remove treatment to return to baseline then implement the 2nd (effective) treatment again
49
Multiple base line across subjects design
There is a baseline and a treatment phase for the same target behavior of 2 or more different subjects *baseline for each subject is of a different lengh
50
Multiple base line across behaviors design
There is a baseline and a treatment phase for the same subject with 2 or more different target behaviors *the baselines for each behavior are of different lengths
51
Multiple baseline across settings design
There is a baseline and a treatment phase for the same target behavior of the same individual in 2 or more different settings **baselines for different settings are of different lengths
52
Alternating treatments research design (ATD)
Aka multielement design Baseline and treatment conditions (or 2 treatment conditions) are conducted in rapid succession and compared with each other Treatment/baseline occurs in alternating days/sessions.
53
Changing criterion design
Within the treatment phase, sequential performance criteria are specified Successive goal levels of the target behavior specify how much of the target behavior should change during treatment Effectiveness is determined by whether the subjects behavior changes to meet the changing performance criteria

Applied Behavior Analysis (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions