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World Civ > Chapters 1-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

Homosapiens evolved _______ hundred thousand years ago

A

two

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2
Q

The domestication of plants and animals is a hallmark of the _______ era

A

neolithic

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3
Q

_______ _________ can be best credited for the expansion of homo sapiens communities throughout the world

A

Land bridges

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4
Q

A rapidly increasing population encouraged the development of new forms of _______ organization

A

social

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5
Q

A mesopotamian stepped pyramid is known as a __________

A

ziggurats

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6
Q

___________ believed that the gods had chosen him to promote the welfare of the people and to cause justice to prevail in the land

A

Hammorabi

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7
Q

The ________ eventually fell in 1595 BCE tot he Hittites

A

babylonians

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8
Q

Evidence suggests that the Mesopotamians traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, ________, and India

A

Egypt

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9
Q

In Mesopotamia prisoners of war, convicted criminals and heavily indebted individuals were the three main sources of _________

A

slaves

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10
Q

Sumerian writing is known as _________

A

cuneiform

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11
Q

The first simplified alphabet, containing only 22 letters, was created by the ________

A

phoenicians

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12
Q

______ was Gilgamesh’s friend

A

Enkidu

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13
Q

_______ _________ is significant because it is the site of the first city.

A

Catal Huyok

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14
Q

Eridu, Ur, Uruk, Lagash, Nippur, and Kish were all associated with

A

meopotamia

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15
Q

The most influencial ancient Indo-European migrants into SW Asia were the ________

A

Hittites

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16
Q

______ is the society that began the custom of embalming to preserve the body for life after death

A

Egypt

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17
Q

The early Sudanic societies recognized a single divine force as the source of good and evil, and associated it w/ _________

A

riain

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18
Q

The Greek historian ________ used the phrase the gift of the Nile to describe Egypt

A

Herodotus

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19
Q

The earliest Egyptian and _________ states were small kingdoms

A

Nubian

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20
Q

The pyramid of ______ is the largest of all the pyramids

A

Khufu

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21
Q

________ was an Egyptian explorer who visited Nubia

A

Harkhuf

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22
Q

Around 3100 BCE, the conqueror Menes founded _______, a city that would serve aas the capital for early Egypt

A

Memphis

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23
Q

The ________ were horse-riding external invaders who eventually captured Memphis and levied tribute throughout Egypt

A

Hyksos

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24
Q

Horse-drawn chariots and _________ weapons were introduced into Egpyt by the Hyksos

A

bronze

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25
Q

In mid 17th century BCE, Egypt lost its independence and became part of __________ empire

A

Assyrian

26
Q

_______ was a woman who ruled Egypt as a pharouh

A

Harshepsut

27
Q

The Egyptian god of the underworld

A

Osiris

28
Q

Tribes that as early as 3000 BCE begn to spread their language and agri techniqures throughout Africa were the __________

A

Bantu

29
Q

In Kush, there is evidence of many ________ rulers

A

female

30
Q

In Africa, ________ __________ arose independently

A

iron metallurgy

31
Q

The chief god of early Aryans

A

Indra

32
Q

Two especially prominent cities of the first Indian societies were _______ and Mohenjo-daro

A

Harappa

33
Q

At its height, the population of ______ reached 40,000

A

Mohenjo-daro

34
Q

Evidence relating to trade indicates that Harappan India traded with _________ and Persia

A

Mesopotamia

35
Q

The ________ were Indo-Europeans

A

Aryans

36
Q

The Indo-Europeans who entered India called themselves Aryans which means:

A

noble ones

37
Q

The Aryans reffered to social classes by the term ________

A

varnas

38
Q

______ is a subcaste

A

Jati

39
Q

Vedic society was strongly _______

A

patriarchal

40
Q

The ________ were commentaries and reflections on the Vedas

A

upanishads

41
Q

The 2 principal means to achieve the goal of _____ are asceticism and meditation

A

moksha

42
Q

The Shang rulers were strengthened by their control over technological advantage of ________

A

bronze

43
Q

Powerful southern rival to the ______ were the Chu

A

Zhou

44
Q

The _______ ___ ________ allowed the ruler to serve as a link between the heavens and the Earth

A

mandate of heaven

45
Q

The task of butchering animals/handling dead bodies usually fell to the _________

A

untouchables

46
Q

Ritual bloodletting was crucial to Maya rituals b/c it was associated with _____ & agriculture

A

rain

47
Q

Olmec

A

rubber people

48
Q

First ceremonial center of the Olmecs

A

San Lorenzo

49
Q

Most characterstic artistic creations of the _______ were colossal human heads sculpted from basalt

A

Olmecs

50
Q

Olmecs traded extensively in _____, obsidian, and small works of art

A

jade

51
Q

Most important political ccenter of the Maya realm at its height

A

Tikal

52
Q

Maya calendar interwove a ______ yr of 364 days & a _______ calendar of 260 days

A

solar; ritual

53
Q

Lapita peoples were the earliest Austronesian migrants to establish human settlements in the ______ islands

A

pacific

54
Q

One of the earliest Andean states, which left a remarkable artistic legacy via ceramics

A

Mochica

55
Q

Only ____ books survive as all the written material of the Maya

A

4

56
Q

The most flexible and sophisticated system of writing found in the ancient Americas was created by the _____

A

Maya

57
Q

Maya mathmaticians invented the mathematical concept of _____ which was essential for positional notation aned manipulation of large #s

A

zero

58
Q

Austronesian speaking peoples became first human settlers on the large island of ______ off the east African coast

A

Madagascar

59
Q

Malayan, Indonesian, Filipino, Polynesian, and other Oceanic languages derived from the _______ language

A

Austronesian

60
Q

The ______ cult existed in the area occupied by modern day Peru

A

Chavin

World Civ (3 decks)

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