Chapters 1-4 Flashcards
dermat
skin
cutane
skin
nephr/o
kidney
ren
kidney
stomat
mouth
erythr/o
red
gastr/o
stomach
hepat/o
liver
immun/o
immune, immunity
oste/o
bone
-emesis
vomiting
-itis
inflammation
-oma
tumor
-logy
the study of
-centesis
surgical puncture
-dynia
pain
-pathy
disease
-clasis
to break; surgical fracture
-desis
binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)
-ectomy
excision, removal
-lysis
separation; destruction; loosening
-pexy
fixation (of an organ)
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhaphy
suture
-stomy
forming an opening (mouth)
-tome
instrument to cut
-tomy
incision
-tripsy
crushing
-gram
record, writing
-graph
instrument for recording
-graphy
process of recording
-scope
instrument for examining
-scopy
visual examination
-algia
pain
-cele
hernia, swelling
-ectasis
dilation, expansion
-emia
blood condition
-gen
forming, producing, origin
-genesis
forming, producing, origin
-malacia
softening
-megaly
enlargement
-osis
abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
-penia
decrease, deficiency
-phobia
fear
-plegia
parlysis
-ptosis
prolapse, downward displacement
-rrhea
discharge, flow
-rrhexis
rupture
-sclerosis
abnormal condition of hardening
-spasm
involuntary contraction, twitching
-stenosis
narrowing, stricture
-toxic
poison
-ia, -ism
condition
-icle, -ole, -ule
small, minute
pre-
before
peri-
around
post-
after
endo-
in, within
intra-
in, within
epi-
above, upon
hypo-
under, below; deficient
infra-
under, below
sub-
under, below
inter-
between
retro-
backward, behind
bi-
two
dipl-, diplo-
double
hemi-
one-half
hyper-
excessive, above normal
macro-
large
micro-
small
mono-, uni-
one
multi-, poly-
many, much
quadri-
four
tri-
three
ab-
from, away from
ad-
toward
circum-, peri-
around
dia-, trans-
through, across
ecto-, exo-, extra-
outside, outward
para-
near; beside; beyond
super-
upper; above
supra-
above; excessive; superior
ultra-
excess, beyond
a-, an-
without, not
anti-, contra-
against
auto-
self, own
brady-
slow
dys-
bad; painful; difficult
eu-
good, normal
hetero-
different
homo-, homeo-
same
tachy-
rapid
coronal (frontal) plane
divides the body into an anterior and posterior section
transverse (horizontal) plane
divides the body into top and bottom sections
midsagittal (median) plane
divides the body into right and left halves
abduction
movement away from the midsagittal (median) plane of the body or one of its parts
adduction
movement toward the midsagittal (median) plane of the body
medial
pertaining to the midline of the body or structure
lateral
pertaining to a side
superior
toward the head or upper portion of a structure
inferior
away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a structure
proximal
nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body
distal
further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment to the body
anterior (ventral)
front of the body
posterior (dorsal)
back of the body
parietal
pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity
visceral
pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs
prone
lying on the abdomen, face down
supine
lying horizontally on the back, face up
inversion
turning inward or inside out
eversion
turning outward
palmar
pertaining to the palm of the hand
plantar
pertaining to the sole of the foot
superficial
toward the surface of the body (external)
deep
away from the surface of the body (internal)
cyt/o
cell
hist/o
tissue
kary/o, nucle/o
nucleus
anter/o
anterior, front
caud/o
tail
cephal/o
head
dist/o
far, farthest
dors/o
back (of the body)
infer/o
lower, below
later/o
side, to one side
medi/o
middle
poster/o
back (of the body), behind, posterior
proxim/o
near, nearest
ventr/o
belly, belly side
albin/o, leuk/o
white
chrom/o
color
cirrh/o, jaund/o, xanth/o
yellow
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
melan/o
black
poli/o
gray; gray matter of the brain or spinal cord
radi/o
radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
tom/o
to cut
viscer/o
internal organs
Sx
symptom, subjective indicator of disease
Dx
diagnosis, cause and nature of a disease
Tx
treatment
Prognosis
prediction of the course of a disease and its probable outcome
homeostasis
stable internal environment
signs
objective indicators that are observable
adhesion
abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated
edema
abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of systemic disease or failure of the lymphatic system to drain tissue fluid from the site
febrile
having or showing symptoms of a fever
gangrene
death and decay of soft tissue, usually caused by circulatory obstruction or infection
hernia
protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it
inflammation
body defense marked by redness, swelling, heat, and pain
mycosis
fungal infection in or on the body
perforation
hole that completely penetrates a structure
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane that surrounds that abdominal cavity and covers its organs,, usually caused by bacteria or fungi
rupture
sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ
septicemia
severe bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood; also called sepsis or blood poisoning
suppuration
process of forming pus
