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APUSH American Pageant > Chapters 1-30 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-30 Flashcards

learn bro cuz u lowk cooked

1
Q

What significant event occurred 225 million years ago?

A

Pangaea started to break apart

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2
Q

How was North America shaped 10 million years ago?

A

By nature - Canadian Shield

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3
Q

What happened 2 million years ago?

A

The Great Ice Age

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4
Q

What occurred 35,000 years ago regarding sea levels?

A

The oceans were glaciers and the sea level dropped, forming the Bering Isthmus

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5
Q

What happened 10,000 years ago?

A

Ice started to retreat and melt, raising sea levels and covering the Bering Isthmus

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6
Q

What is one theory about how early people came to the Americas?

A

They may have come in crude boats or across the Bering Isthmus

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7
Q

By the time Columbus arrived in 1492, how many people might have been living in the Americas?

A

Over 54 million people

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8
Q

How did the population density in North America compare to Mexico?

A

North America had less dense populations compared to Mexico

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9
Q

What significant ship was invented by the Portuguese around 1450?

A

The caravel

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10
Q

What was the purpose of the caravel?

A

To sail into the wind and return to Europe from Africa

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11
Q

What did the Portuguese establish along the African coast?

A

Trading posts

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12
Q

What did the Portuguese trade in Africa?

A

Slaves and gold

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13
Q

What was Columbus originally looking for?

A

A new trading route with the Indies

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14
Q

What is the Columbian Exchange?

A

The increase of global commerce (globalization)

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15
Q

What happened to the Taino natives within 50 years of Spanish arrival in Hispaniola?

A

Their population decreased from 1 million to 200 due to diseases

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16
Q

What percentage of the Indian population may have died due to diseases after Columbus’s landing?

A

As much as 90%

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17
Q

What treaty divided the Americas between the Spanish and Portuguese?

A

The Treaty of Tordesillas

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18
Q

What was the encomienda system?

A

A process allowing Indians to be enslaved by colonists if they promised to Christianize them

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19
Q

What happened to the Indian population in Mexico within less than a century of Spanish rule?

A

It decreased from 20 million to 2 million

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20
Q

What cultural group formed a bridge between Latin America’s European and Indian races?

A

Mestizos

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21
Q

What fortress did the Spanish build in 1565?

A

Fortress at St. Augustine, Florida

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22
Q

What was Pope’s Rebellion?

A

A rebellion by natives against the Spanish in New Mexico

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23
Q

What false concept arose about the Spanish conquest in the New World?

A

The Black Legend

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24
Q

When did the first humans cross into the Americas from Asia?

A

33,000-8,000 B.C.

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25
What crop was developed as a stable crop in highland Mexico around 5,000 B.C.?
Corn
26
What year did Columbus land in the Bahamas?
1492
27
What year was the Treaty of Tordesillas signed?
1494
28
What explorer claimed all lands touched by the Pacific Ocean for Spain in 1513?
Balboa
29
Who conquered Mexico for Spain between 1519-1521?
Cortes
30
What year did Magellan's vessel complete circumnavigation of the world?
1522
31
What year did the Spanish build New Mexico?
1609
32
What major rebellion did the natives launch in New Mexico in 1680?
Pope's Rebellion
33
34
When were the Spanish established in Santa Fe?
1610
35
When did the French establish Quebec?
1608
36
When was Jamestown, Virginia founded by the English?
1607
37
What significant event did King Henry VIII initiate in the 1530s?
The English Protestant Reformation
38
Who circumnavigated the globe in 1580 and returned with a large profit?
Francis Drake
39
What was Francis Drake's profit percentage after his circumnavigation?
About 4,600%
40
What event weakened Spain's naval power and ensured English dominance?
The defeat of the Spanish Armada
41
What caused an economic depression in England in the late 1500s?
Loss of homes and peace with Spain
42
What company received a charter for a settlement in the New World in 1606?
The Virginia Company of London
43
Who took control of Jamestown in 1608?
Captain John Smith
44
What was the survival rate of settlers during the 'starving winter' of 1609-1610?
Only 60 out of 400 survived
45
Who started the First Anglo-Powhatan War in 1610?
Lord De La Warr
46
What was the outcome of the Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644?
The Indians were defeated again
47
By 1685, how did the English view the Powhatan people?
As extinct
48
What was the biggest killer of Indian cultures?
Disease
49
Who married Pocahontas in 1614?
John Rolfe
50
What significant political development occurred in Virginia in 1619?
Self-government with the House of Burgesses
51
What did King James I do in 1624 regarding Virginia?
Made it a royal colony
52
When was Maryland founded and by whom?
1634 by Lord Baltimore
53
What was the purpose of the Act of Toleration passed in Maryland in 1649?
To grant toleration to all Christians
54
What was the major crop of the West Indies by the mid-17th Century?
Sugar
55
What was the ratio of black slaves to white settlers in the English West Indies by 1700?
4:1
56
What did the Barbados Slave Code of 1661 deny to slaves?
Fundamental rights
57
What primary export became significant for the Carolinas?
Rice
58
What was the purpose of founding Georgia in 1733?
To serve as a buffer against Spanish and French territories
59
What significant event happened in 1588?
England defeated the Spanish Armada
60
What year did the Virginia colony get founded at Jamestown?
1607
61
In what year did the first Africans arrive in Jamestown?
1619
62
What was established in Virginia in 1619?
Virginia House of Burgesses
63
In what year did Maryland become a colony?
1634
64
What was the outcome of the Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644?
Indians were defeated
65
What was significant about the Act of Toleration in 1649?
It granted toleration to all Christians
66
When was the Carolina colony created?
1670
67
Who founded Georgia?
Oglethorpe and others
68
Fill in the blank: Virginia was founded by the _______.
London Co.
69
Fill in the blank: The first settlers of Massachusetts were the _______.
Puritans
70
Fill in the blank: The first settlers of Plymouth were known as _______.
Separatists
71

APUSH American Pageant (2 decks)

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