Chapters 1-3 Vocal Flashcards
Cahokia
group of Indians who lived in St. Louis area. They fared on a rich floodplain, manufactored tooks and crafts
Mound-builders
the Cahokians built giant 10 foot story mounds. but the Smithsonian thought that the mounds as weell as the surrounding villiage was too adcanced for indians and thought the miundbuilders were a lost race
Jospeph de Acosta
a Spanish Jesuit who proposed the idea of a land bridge to explain how the indians got there. he got to this conclusion becuase old world animals were in new world
Berina
the tun continent connecting asia to americas. the land was dry and therefore ice free and had the perfect climate for mammals which attracted hunters
clovis people/tradition
found an advaned way to makes fluted blades or lance points.
the technology spread quickly through continent
they migrated year round to differnt hunting spaces
Pleistocene Overkill
due to a major climate change and decrease in population of many mammals the Indians had to intensify their hunting efforts and killed large quantities of mammals all at once
archaic period
period of time where many Indian developments were made when glaciers meltedand new wyas of finding food in new regions. hunting in the artic, foraging in arian desert, and fishing along the coast
forest efficiency
using mother nature to their advantage many resources. they hunted small game and gathered seeds, nuts, roots, etc; They even burned meadows to stimulate plant growth
meso ameican civilizations
first place to develop permamnent , large, and dense communites due to farming. central mexico to centreal america in the first millenium. gave wealth and power to an elite class of prietsts and rulers
teotihuacon
city in the valley of mexico
elite class of religous and po;itcla leaders
had a trading system
had an elaborate division of labor
Aztects
migrants from the north of Mexico valley who settled there and bscailly took over the place
Pueblo
what the Ana sazis lived it; multipule story compplex apartments densly populated made in resonce to population density and dry climate
anasazi
best known farming culture of the Southwest, in the four corners, had many varieties of maize in irrigated fields
hunted animals using bow and arrow
iroquois confederacy
a group of five iroquois speaking indian tribes untied under one cheifdom after years of fighting. they were not allowed to fight each other and instead had to send gifts or pay instead of revenge. done so by cheif Deganawida, “blocking out sun” solar eclipse
iroquis
NOrth east indians they were the first region to adopt cultivation. the women harvested many crops to support longhouses full of one matrilineal family
Natchez
Indian group of the south who we know the most about since most of the other tribes were poorly documentsed due to disease. the natchez were farmed of the rich floodplains
CROATOAn
writing on a tree trunk found at Roanoke island after the whole colony disapppeared
prince henry the navigator
prince who set up a place to learn all about the ocean and how to navigate it leading to europe becoming the most advanced in ocean for years to come
reconquista
THe monarchs of Castile and Aragon’s victory of conquering Grendada which ended a long battle to conquer the last muslim ruled country in Iberia
Hernan Cortez
Vet of the conquests in Cuba who used the anger the Indians had and making Spanish Indian alliances to overthrow the Aztec empire`
ecompienda
Institiution in which Indians had to work for Spanish lords in exchange for protection but ended up just ebing slavery
JOhn Calvin
predestination, HUgenots, religious turmoil which led to the want of colonies
Hernando de Soto
led a spanish expedition through NA by pundering any villaige in his path. his army of 700 was eventually cut in half and the mission failed. however, all those men traveling through america caused an epidemic and killed many people
Vasquex de Coronado
led a spnaish expedition of 300 men and 1000 allied indians and defeated the pueblos but was not impressed by what he saw and left
