Chapters 1-3 Tonal Harmony Terms

Question 1

Augmentation Dot

Answer 1

increases note duration by half a beat

Question 2

Tenuto Tie

Answer 2

a line that merges multiple notes of the same pitch

Question 3

Semitone

Answer 3

one half step

Question 4

Tone, Whole Tone

Answer 4

2 half steps

Question 5

Accidental

Answer 5

a sign used to raise or lower the pitch of a note

Question 6

Flat (b)

Answer 6

lowers the pitch by a half step

Question 7

Sharp (#)

Answer 7

raises the pitch by a half step

Question 8

Double flat (bb)

Answer 8

lowers note by a whole step

Question 9

Double sharp (𝄪)

Answer 9

raises note by a whole step

Question 10

Natural

Answer 10

cancels out any accidental

Question 11

Meter

Answer 11

number of beats in a measure

Question 12

Duple

Answer 12

two beats in a measure

Question 13

Triple

Answer 13

three beats in a measure

Question 14

Quadruple

Answer 14

four beats in a measure

Question 15

Simple

Answer 15

each beat can be broken into two notes

Question 16

Major Scale

Answer 16

a specific pattern of semitones and whole tones encompassing an octave

Question 17

Major Scale Pattern

Answer 17

WWhWWWh

Question 18

Tetrachord

Answer 18

two identical four-note patterns separated by a whole step

Question 19

Key

Answer 19

used to identify the first degree of a scale

Question 20

Enharmonics

Answer 20

notes that have the same pitch but different names

Question 21

Transpose

Answer 21

write or play in a key other than the original

Question 22

Natural minor scale

Answer 22

a major scale with a lowered 3rd, 6th, and 7th

Question 23

Harmonic minor scale

Answer 23

natural minor scale with a raised 7th

Question 24

Melodic minor scale (ascending)

Answer 24

natural minor scale with a lowered 6th and 7th or major scale with a lowered 3rd

Question 25

Melodic minor scale (descending)

Answer 25

natural minor

Question 26

Interval

Answer 26

measurement of distance between two notes

Question 27

Harmonic Interval

Answer 27

happens when notes are played at the same time

Question 28

Melodic Interval

Answer 28

occurs when notes are played successively

Question 29

Numerical interval modifier

Answer 29

measurement of how far apart the notes are vertically (regardless of accidentals)

Question 30

Simple interval

Answer 30

intervals smaller than an octave

Question 31

Compound intervals

Answer 31

intervals including an octave (separated by 8 or more letter names)

Question 32

Perfect

Answer 32

a modifier used only in connections with unisons, 4ths, 5ths, octaves, and their compounds

Question 33

Major and Minor (M & m)

Answer 33

a modifier used only in connection with 2nds, 3rds, 6ths, and 7ths

Question 34

Minor interval

Answer 34

major intervals made a semitone smaller without changing the numerical name

Question 35

Augmented interval (+)

Answer 35

a perfect or major interval made a half step larger without changing the numerical name

Question 36

Diminished interval (°)

Answer 36

a perfect or minor interval made a semitone smaller without changing its numerical name

Question 37

Tritone

Answer 37

term used for augmented 4th or its enharmonic diminished 5th

Question 38

Interval Inversion

Answer 38

flipping an interval upside down (ex. major 3rd C-E, inverting it would make it a minor 6th (E-C)

Question 39

Constant Interval

Answer 39

two notes that are pleasing to the ear

Question 40

Dissonant Interval

Answer 40

two notes that are unpleasant to the ear

Question 41

Parallel Minor

Answer 41

begins on the same note as the major scale but with a lowered 3rd, 6th, and 7th

Question 42

Relative Key

Answer 42

major and minor scales that share the same key

Question 43

Parallel Keys

Answer 43

major and minor keys on the same tonic note

Question 44

Triad

Answer 44

three note chord consisting of a 5th divided into two superimposed chords

Question 45

Superimposed Chord

Answer 45

chords played on top of original chords OR when other chords are played instead of the original chord

Question 46

Tertian Chord

Answer 46

chords built of 3rds

Question 47

Seventh Chord

Answer 47

a four note chord with the top note (7th) being 4 semitones (2 whole tones) above the 5th of the triad

Question 48

Root Position

Answer 48

having the root of the chord as the bass position

Question 49

First Inversion

Answer 49

having the third of the chord as the lowest tone

Question 50

Second Inversion

Answer 50

having the fifth of the chord as the lowest tone

Question 51

Third Inversion

Answer 51

having the seventh of the chord as the lowest tone

Question 52

Inversion

Answer 52

transfer of lowest note to any high octave

Question 53

Figured bass

Answer 53

also known as thorough bass; a system of numbers derived from the Baroque system

Question 54

Bass-position Symbols

Answer 54

bass symbols that have been adopted for use in harmonic analysis to distinguish between figured bass

Question 55

Lead-sheet Symbols

Answer 55

appear with a melody and indicate the chords that are constructed below

Question 56

Pitch Class

Answer 56

term used to group together all pitches that have an identical sound or that are identical except for the octave(s) that separate them