Chapters 1-3 Aboriginal Societies, French, British Flashcards
culture
a way of life or a way of being shared by a group of people; culture includes the knowledge, experiences, and values a group shares and that shape the way its members see the world
pluralistic society
a society made up of many different groups of people, each with its own unique identities, ideas, perspectives, and culture; the resulting society has a sense of respect for all cultures
authentic
trustworthy and reliable; original; not a copy
point of view
An individual’s personal viewpoint
bias
a personal life or dislike of something or someone that is not necessarily based on fact
Natural world
the land, water, mountains, forests, plants, wildlife, and climate
core value
an important idea or belief about how people should live
world view
a way of looking at the world that reflects one’s core values
traditional teaching
a unique belief of the First Nations passed down orally from generation to generation that explains how the earth was created, how people came to exist, or the relationships among the plants, animals, land, people, and the spirit world
indigenous people
the original inhabitants of a given area
Elder
a respected member of an Aboriginal community who uses Traditional Teachings, experience, and wisdom to help people in their community make good decisions
oral culture
a way of life in which language, teachings, and traditional stories are memorized and passed down orally from one generation to the next
ethnocentric
a viewpoint that judges other global cultures and ideas according to personal values and standards; believing one’s own ethnic group is superior
government
the way people organize themselves to choose their leaders and make decisions
decision making by consensus
a debate in which people discuss an issue until they can all agree on one outcome
matrilineal
ancestral descent through the maternal line
Clan Mother
the head of a Haudenosaunee longhouse
alliance
a union in which groups agree to trade and help each other resolve disputes
Iroquois Confederacy
An alliance including the five Haudenosaunee nations living south of the Great Lakes: the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk; the Tuscarora later joined the alliance
communal
something done or owned collectively
economy
the way in which people meet their basic needs, such as food, clothing, and shelter
empire
a network of colonies controlled by a single country
imperialism
a country extending its control over other countries, often using economic or military means
competition
the act of competing with others for profit or a prize
religion
a personal or institutionalized belief system
monopoly
when only one company or group is allowed to sell or trade a product in a certain area
Sovereign Council
a government with three officials: a governor, an intendant, and a bishop, set up by King Louis XIV to govern the colony of New France
governor
a powerful official; in New France, the most powerful member of the Sovereign Council and the King’s personal representative
intendant
In New France; the second-most important figure of the Sovereign Council; he was in charge o the day-to-day affairs of the colony
bishop
a high-ranking cleric; the head of the church in New France
Jesuits
an order of missionaries who came to North America to convert First Nations peoples to the Catholic religion
seigneurial system
a social system based on nobles (or seigneurs) who rented land to farmers (or habitants); the habitants had to give seigneurs a portion of their annual crop and pay other fees, and the seigneurs had to build a mill and a church on their land for the farmers
mercantilism
an economic system that allowed an imperial country to become rich by selling the resources taken from its colonies
Rupert’s Land
a vast territory named after Prince Rupert, the first head of the Hudson’s Bay Company, consisting of most of what is now Western and Northern Canada
