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NRP > Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

About ___% of newborn will require some assistance to begin regular breathing?

A

10%

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2
Q

About ____% of newborns will require extensive resuscitation to survive.

A

1%

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3
Q

Careful identification of risk factors during pregnancy and labor can identify all babies who will require resuscitation. True or False.

A

False

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4
Q

Chest compressions and medications are Rarely or Frequently needed when resuscitating newborns?

A

Rarely

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5
Q

Before birth, the alveoli in a baby’s lungs are (collapsed) or (expanded) and filled with (fluid) or (air)?

A

Expanded with fluid.

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6
Q

The air that fills the baby’s alveoli during normal transition contains ___% of oxygen.

A

21%

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7
Q

The air in the baby’s lungs causes the pulmonary arterioles to (relax) or (constrict) so that the oxygen can be absorbed from the alveoli and distributed to all organs.

A

Relax

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8
Q

If a baby does not begin breathing in response to stimulation, the RT should assume it is in _____ apnea and you should provide _____.

A

Secondary apnea; positive pressure ventilation.

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9
Q

If a baby enters the stage of secondary apnea, her heart rate will (rise) or (fall), and her blood pressure will (rise) or (fall).

A

Fall; fall

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10
Q

Restoration of adequate ventilation will result in a (rapid) or (gradual/slow) improvement in heart rate.

A

Rapid

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11
Q

Resuscitation (should) or (should not) be delayed until the 1-minute Apgar Score is available.

A

Should not

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12
Q

Premature babies may present unique challenges during resuscitation because ____.

A

Fragile brain capillaries that may bleed, lungs deficient in surfactant (making ventilation difficult), poor temperature control, and higher likelihood of an infection. (All of the above)

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13
Q 
A.) Apnea or heart rate below \_\_\_\_.
B.) Provide \_\_\_ and apply \_\_\_.
C.) Heart away below \_\_\_.
D.) Heart rate below \_\_\_.
E.) Insert an \_\_\_ and give \_\_\_.
A

A.) 100 bpm
B.) positive pressure ventilation; SpO2 monitor
C.) and D.) 60 bpm
E.) intravenous line (umbilical catheter); Epinepherine IV

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14
Q

Every delivery should be attended by at least ___ (number) skilled person(s) whose only responsibility is the management of the newborn.

A

1

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15
Q

If high risk delivery is anticipated, at least ___ (number) skilled person(s), whose responsibility is resuscitation and the management of the baby, should be present at the delivery.

A

2

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16
Q

When a depressed newborn is anticipated at a delivery resuscitation equipment (should) or (should not) be unpacked and ready for use.

A

Should

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17
Q

A baby who was meconium stained and not vigorous at birth had meconium suctioned from the trachea and continue to require supplemental oxygen to keep oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) >85% as soon as the heart rate is above 100 bpm, this baby should receive (routine) or (post-resuscitation) care.

A

Post-resuscitation

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18
Q

When twins are expected, there should be ___ (number) people present in the delivery room to form the resuscitation team.

A

4

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19
Q

A newborn who is born at term, has no meconium in the amniotic fluid or on the skin, is breathing well, and has good muscle tone (does) or (does not) need resuscitation.

A

Does not

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20
Q

A newborn with meconium in the amniotic fluid who is not vigorous (will) or (will not) need to have his trachea suctioned via ET tube. A newborn with meconium in the amniotic fluid who is vigorous (will) or (will not) need to have his trachea suctioned via an ET tube.

A

Will; will not

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21
Q

When deciding which babies need tracheal suctioning, the term “vigorous” is defined by what 3 characteristics?

A
  1. ) strong respiratory effort
  2. ) good muscle tone
  3. ) heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute
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22
Q

When a suction catheter is used to clear the oropharynx of meconium before inserting an ET tube, the appropriate size is ___ F or ___ F.

A

12 F or 14 F

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23
Q

Which drawing shows the correct way to position a newborn prior to suctioning the airway?

A

A. Sniffing position.

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24
Q

A newborn is covered with meconium, is breathing well, has normal muscle tone, has a heart rate if 120 bpm, and is pink. The correct action is to:

A

Suction the mouth and nose with a bulb syringe or suction catheter.

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25
Q

In suctioning a baby’s nose and mouth, the rule is to first suction the ___ and then the ___.

A

Mouth; nose

26
Q

Make a cheek mark next to the correct ways to stimulate a newborn:

A
  • slapping the side if the foot

- rubbing the back

27
Q

If a baby is in secondary apnea, stimulation of the baby (will) or (will not) stimulate breathing.

A

Will not

28
Q

A newborn is still not breathing after a few seconds of stimulation. The next action should be to administer:

A

Positive pressure ventilation

29
Q

A newborn has poor tone, labored breathing, and cyanosis. Your initial steps are to:

A
  • place newborn in radiant warmer
  • remove all wet linens
  • suction his mouth and nose
  • consider CPAP or free-flow supplemental oxygen
  • consider applying a pulse ox probe and activating an oximeter
  • dry and stimulate
30
Q

Pg. 63 -

Which drawings show the correct way to give free-flow oxygen to a baby?

A

All drawings are correct

31
Q

True or False
A.) Oximeters are devices that measure the PaO2 of the blood.
B.) In delivery room, the oximetry probe should always be placed on baby’s right hand or wrist.
C.) Oxygen saturation should be expected to be >90% by 2 minutes of age.
D.) A cyanotic and apneic baby should receive free-flow oxygen as the best treatment.

A

A.) False; it monitors SpO2
B.) True
C.) False; SpO2 is expected to be >65% at 2 minutes of age
D.) False; positive pressure ventilation is the best treatment for cyanosis and apnea

32
Q

You have stimulated a newborn and suctioned her mouth. It is now 30 seconds after birth, and she is still apneic and pale. Her heart rate is 80 bpm. What is your next action?

A

Positive pressure ventilation

33
Q

You count a newborn’s heartbeats for 6 seconds and count 6 beats. You report the heart as:

A

60 bpm

34
Q

An oximeter will show both SpO2 and ___.

A

Heart rate

35
Q

Flowing-inflating bags (will) or (will not) work without a compressed gas source.

A

Will not

36
Q

A baby is born apneic and cyanotic. You clear her airway and stimulate her. Thirty seconds after birth, she has not improved. The next step is to (stimulate her more) or (begin positive pressure ventilation).

A

Begin positive pressure ventilation

37
Q

The single most important and most effective step in neonatal resuscitation is (stimulation) or (ventilating the lungs).

A

Ventilating the lungs

38
Q

Label these bags “flow-inflating”, “self-inflating”, or “T-Piece resuscitator”

A

A.) flow-inflating
B.) self inflating
C.) t-piece resuscitator

39
Q

Masks of different sizes (do) or (do not) need to be available at every delivery

A

Do

40
Q

Self-inflating bags require the attachment of a(n) ___ to deliver a high concentration of oxygen. Greater than 40%

A

Oxygen Reservoir

41
Q

T-piece resuscitators (will) or (will not) work without a compressed gas source.

A

Will not

42
Q

Neonatal ventilation bags are (much smaller than) or (the same size as) adult ventilation bags.

A

Much smaller than.

43
Q

List the principal safety feature for each of the following:
Self-inflating bag:
Flow-inflating bag:
T-piece resuscitator:

A

Self-inflating bag: Pop off valve and pressure gauge
Flow-inflating bag: pressure gauge
T-piece resuscitator: maximum pressure relief control and pressure gauge

44
Q

Free-flow oxygen can be delivered reliably trough the mask attached to a (flow-inflating bag) or (self-inflating bag) or (t-piece resuscitator)

A

Flow-inflating and t-piece resuscitator

45
Q

When giving free-flow oxygen with a flow-inflating bag and mask, it is necessary to place the mask (securely) or (loosely) on the baby’s face to allow some gas to escape around the edges of the mask.

A

Loosely

46
Q

Before an anticipated resuscitation, the ventilation device should be connected to a(n) ___, which enables you to provide oxygen in any concentration, from room air up to 100% oxygen.

A

Blender

47
Q

Resuscitation of the Term Newborn may begin with ___% oxygen. The inspired oxygen concentration used during resuscitation is guided by the use of a(n) ___, which measures oxygen saturation.

A

21%; oximeter

48
Q

Pg. 107-

Which baby is positioned properly for positive pressure ventilation?

A

Position A

49
Q

Which illustration(s) shows the correct position for assisting positive pressure ventilation?

A

Illustrations A and B are correct

50
Q

You must hold the resuscitation device so that you can see the newborn’s ___ and ___.

A

Chest and abdomen

51
Q

An anatomically shaped mask should be positioned with the (pointed) or (rounded) end over he newborn’s nose.

A

Pointed

52
Q

If you notice that the baby’s chest looks as if he is taking deep breaths, you are (over inflating) or (under inflating) the lungs and it is possible that a pneumothorax may occur.

A

Over inflating

53
Q

When ventilating a baby, you should provide positive pressure ventilation at a rate of ___ to ___ breaths per minute.

A

40 to 60 breaths per minute

54
Q

Begin positive pressure ventilation with an initial inspiratory pressure of ___ cm H2O.

A

20 cm H2O

55
Q

“MR SOPA” stands for:

A 
M: mask adjustment
R: reposition airway
S: suction mouth and nose
O: open mouth 
P: pressure increase
A: airway alternative
56
Q

Your assistant assesses effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation by first assessing the (1) and (2) along with listening for (3). If these signs are not acceptable, you should look for (4) movement.

A
  1. Heart rate
  2. Oximetry
  3. Breath sounds
  4. Chest movement
57
Q

Which mask is correctly placed on the newborn’s face?

A

Mask A is positioned correctly

58
Q

You have started positive pressure ventilation on an apneic newborn. The heart rate is not rising, oxygen saturation is not improving, and your assistant does not hear bilateral breath sounds. List three possibilities of what may be wrong.

A
  • there may be an inadequate seal of the mask on the face
  • the head may need to be repositioned to open the airway
  • secretions may need to be suctioned
59
Q

If, after performing the ventilation corrective sequence and making appropriate adjustments, you are unable to obtain rising heart rate or bilateral breath sounds or see chest movement with positive pressure ventilation, you usually have to insert a(n) ___ or a(n) ___.

A

Endotracheal tube; laryngeal mask airway.

60
Q

Assisted ventilation may be discontinued when?

A
  • heart rate is above 100 breaths per minute

* baby is breathing

61
Q

If you must continue positive pressure ventilation with a mask for more than several minutes, a(n) ___ should be inserted to act as a vent for gas in the stomach during the remainder of the resuscitation.

A

Orogastric tube

62
Q

How far should the orogastric catheter be inserted? ___ cm.

A

22 cm

NRP (1 decks)

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