Chapters 1-3 Flashcards
a listening role in which the listener participates and shares in the communication process by guiding the speaker towards common interests
active listening
a listening style used to enjoy pleasurable sounds, as in music or nature
appreciative listening
a shared goal or interest
common ground
the process of sending and receiving messages
communication
any obstacle that gets in the way of effective communication (attitudinal, social, educational, cultural, environmental)
communication barrier
awareness of, faith in, or reliance on one’s ability to do the right thing in a specific situation
confidence
the information or topics presented in a work; a work’s meaning or significance; what is expressed
content
a strong belief in one’s message and one’s determination
conviction
a listening style used to analyze and assess a message for logic and value
critical listening
a desire to practice and become committed to one’s speech
dedication
conversation between persons, actors, or groups
dialogue
a listening style used to single out a particular sound from a particular environment
discriminative listening
a persuasive technique that involves “striking an emotional chord”; the use of issues and values such as patriotism, family, and honor (to win a an audience’s favor)
emotional appeal
a style of listening that encourages people to talk freely, without fear of embarassment
empathic listening
a sincere understanding of the feelings, thoughts, and motives of others
empathy
the energy, both intellectual and physical, a speaker transmits to inspire an audience
enthusiuasm
a persuasive quality based on a speaker’s natural honesty, sincerity, and commitment to what is right and good
ethical (personal) appeal
a person’s sense of right and wrong
ethics
a comparison of unlike things
false comparison
a biological process that activates our emergency energy system so that we can cope with danger; unpleasant, often strong, emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of danger
fear
a reaction that a receiver gives to a message offered by a sender
feedback
to use emotional barriers to absorb information selectively
filter
a warm, congenial attitude
friendliness
how an audience perceives a speaker, based on the way they present themselves and their ideas
impression
transmittal of messages between two or more people
interpersonal communication
dialogue conducted with oneself to assess one’s thoughts, feelings, and reactions
intrapersonal communication
persuasive technique based on the need to conform
jump on the bandwagon
thinking time created by the ability to listen faster than people can speak
listening spare time
the use of sequence, analysis, organization, and evidence to prove a point and persuade
logical appeal
that which is sent or said
message
an inner drive, need, or impulse that causes a person to act
motivation
to give someone a negative label without any evidence
name calling
an original or unique approach to a topic
newness
something communicated without words, as through facial expressions and body language
nonverbal message
a listing of ideas in brief, outlined form
notes
communication that is primarily spoken
oral (or verbal) communication
a person who delivers a public speech–especially a person known for doing this skillfully
orator
the art or study of public speaking
oratory/rhetoric
in a speech, a structure or form that enables an audience to follow along easily
organization
to repeat in one’s own words
paraphrase
a listening role in which the listener does not share in the responsibility for, or involve themself in the conversation process
passive listening
how one sees things
perception
a specific stage fright, often associated with musicians, actors, and other entertainers
performance anxiety
a persistent, irrational fear that causes a person to avoid specific situations
phobia
a person who intercepts a message and then decodes it
receiver
respect for oneself, often realized through self-discovery
self-esteem
a person who transmits a message
sender
to present unbalanced evidence that only presents one side
stack the deck
the nervousness felt by a speaker or performer in front of an audience
stage fright
making a distorted mental image of someone or something on the basis of an oversimplified opinion, a prejudiced attitude, or an unexamined judgment held in common by members of a group
stereotyping
to cover the main points in a compact manner, without wasted words
summarize
(1) anything that stands for an idea and is used for communication (2) an image of a person, place, thing, or action, that calls to mind some other, usually broader, idea or range of ideas
symbol
a celebrity or expert endorsement of a message
testimonial
any communication that must be read
written communication
