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Music History I > Chapters 1 & 3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1 & 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

MUSIC

A

Organized sound that is meaningful to people in a specific time or place

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2
Q

QUALITY

A

Harmony, Tone Colour

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3
Q

INTENSITY

A

Dynamics, Volume

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4
Q

PITCH

A

High/Low notes produced by vibrations

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5
Q

DURATION

A

Rhythm, Meter

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6
Q

RHYTHM

A

Different note duration(s)

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7
Q

BEAT

A

The pulse/heartbeat of a song (constant)

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8
Q

METER

A

Recurring pattern of beats

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9
Q

SYNCOPATION

A

Accents between the strong beats

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10
Q

HARMONY

A

More than one pitch sounding at the same time

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11
Q

CONSONANCE/DISSONANCE

A

At rest/tension

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12
Q

TEXTURE

A

The blending of sounds

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13
Q

MONOPHONY

A

One line of music; singing or playing in unison

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14
Q

HOMOPHONY

A

Harmony, everyone moving at the same time

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14
Q

POLYPHONY

A

Voices move at different times

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15
Q

BIPHONY

A

Drone sounding line with melody on top

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16
Q

MELODY

A

Organized series of pitches

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17
Q

MOTIVE

A

Distinctive fragment of melody

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18
Q

THEME

A

Subject matter of longer pieces of music

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19
Q

FORM

A

Shape or organization of a piece of music

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20
Q

GENRE

A

Different categories of music (Sonata, Concerto)

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21
Q

STYLE

A

Combination of qualities that make a work distinctive (Baroque, Romantic)

22
Q

ETHOS

A

The power of music to impact a listener’s emotions

23
Q

POTLATCH

A

Celebration of life and death. Business also conduced. Gathering of different regions

24
Q

CHANT

A

Type of vocal expression. Proper precision of sacred text important!

25
Q

PSALMS

A

Songs of praise, mostly syllabic

26
Q

LITURGY

A

The specific elements that make up a religious service (texts, prayers, songs)

27
Q

SYLLABIC

A

One sylllable/word per tone (1:1)

28
Q

NEUMATIC

A

Multiple tones per syllable/word (2:6)

29
Q

MELISMATIC

A

Many tones per syllable/word (6<)

30
Q

ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION

A

Lasted approx. 1000 years

31
Q

SILK ROAD

A

(2OO BC - 900 AD) Network of roads extending east - west for trade. Instrument and music were shared here

32
Q

ROMAN EMPIRE

A

Fell in 476 AD. Traditions split when the empire fell

33
Q

NEUMES

A

A gesture (early notation). First referenced in 850 AD

34
Q

GREGORIAN CHANT

A

No meter or harmony. Modal, and sung in in 3 different styles. Melisma on important words. Used to unify/control people and reinforce faith

35
Q

MASS

A

The most important service of the Catholic Church

36
Q

MASS ORDINARY

A

Normal series of parts from mass (Kyrie, Gloria, Gredo, Sanctus, Angus Dei) words are always the same

37
Q

MASS PROPER

A

Extra chants and prayers during Easter or Christmas

38
Q

ST. YARED

A

(505 AD - 571 AD) Scholar, educator and composer. Developed notation before Europe. His chants contained percussion and different styles of singing

39
Q

POPE GREGORY I

A

(540 AD - 604 AD) Credited to the creation of Gregorian Chant. Not all plain chant is Gregorian Chant

40
Q

KASSIANI

A

(805 AD - 865 AD) Composer. Composed music for a covenant. Notable for attaching her name to her compositions

41
Q

GUIDO OF AREZZO

A

(11TH CENTURY) Monk who is credited for attaching letters to pitches. Considered the grandfather of modern music notation

42
Q

HILDEGAARD OF BINGEN

A

(1098 - 1179) Poet and composer. Started her own Monastery. Big on feminine imagery. Well-respected despite being a woman (textbooks words). Has more surviving work than any other composer in the middle ages

43
Q

MEDIEVAL PERIOD (MIDDLE AGES)

A

(1200 BC - 1400 AD) Notable items include chant, religion, notation and polyphony. Money and power was required to compose and notate music. NOTATION AND POLYPHONY were two of the biggest changes in musical history, developed around the middle of this period

44
Q

RESPONSORIAL

A

Response from others

45
Q

ANTIPHONAL

A

Alternating parts (mostly short sentences)

46
Q

DIRECT

A

Everyone sings

47
Q

TROPE

A

Expanding, adding words & melisma (to chants)

48
Q

SEQUENCE

A

Freestanding chants sung after the alleluia

49
Q

RENAISSANCE

A

(1400 - 1600)

50
Q

BAROQUE

A

(1600 - 1750)

51
Q

CLASSICAL

A

(1750 - 1830)

52
Q

ROMANTIC

A

(1830 - 1900)

Music History I (2 decks)

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