Chapters 1 & 3

Question 1

Disease

Answer 1

failure of adaptive mechanisms
Results in functional or structural disturbances

Question 2

Illness

Answer 2

Subjective experience of individual and physical manifestation of disease— psychological, spiritual, and social components
- A response characterized by a mismatch between a persons needs and the resources available to meet those needs

Question 3

Health

Answer 3

State of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning with developmental context that realizes a persons potential. Both an individual ands societal responsibility — influenced by culture, beliefs, and environmental aspects

Question 4

wellness

Answer 4

How an individual perceives their health as being good with appreciation and enjoyment

Question 5

Health promotion

Answer 5

Ottawa chapter for health promotion - 1986
“the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health”
Approaches to health promotion
- Biomedical, behavioural and socienvironmental

Question 6

5 action areas to improve the health of the population

Answer 6

1. Build healthy public policy
2. Develop personal skills
3. strengthen community action
4. create supportive environments
5. reorient health services

Question 7

Health is defined by

Answer 7

The absence of sings and symptoms of disease illness is defined by
the presence if sings and symptoms of disease

Question 8

Levels of prevention

Answer 8

primary — 1. maintain or improve
Secondary — 2. Early diagnosis 3. Prompt treatment 4. disability limitation
Tertiary — 5. Restoration and rehabilitation

Question 9

primary prevention

Answer 9

• Precedes disease or dysfunction
• Interventions — health protection
  Health education (eg. education to help smokers quit)
  specific protection (e.g., immunization; reducing exposure to carcinogens pr occupational hazards
• Focus: maintain or improve general individual, family, and community health
• Passive — not personally involved
  public health efforts, clean water, sewage treatment
• Active - personally involved
  lifestyle changes

Question 10

Secondary prevention

Answer 10

• Screening
  Goal: identify individuals in early, detectable stage of disease
• Treating early stages of disease
• Limiting disability
• Interventions similar to primary prevention, but applied to individuals or population with disease
• Ex. mammograms to deceit breast cancer

Question 11

tertiary prevention

Answer 11

• Defect or disability is permanent or irreversible (e.g., stroke)
• Minimizing effect to prevent complications or deterioration
• Objective: return individual to useful place in society, maximize remaining capacity
• Example: Stroke patient
• Rehabilitate to highest level of function
• Teach lifestyle changes to prevent future strokes ]
• Prevent complications of stroke