Chapters 1, 2, & 3 Flashcards
What are the three components of the criminal justice system?
Police, Courts, Corrections
What are the responsibilities of the police?
Prevent crime, maintain order, investigate and control crime, arrest violators
What is meant by the charging decision made by prosecutors?
They decide who is being prosecuted
What is the principle responsibility of the courts?
Insure that criminal procedure is followed and constitutional protections are in place
What is meant by the crime control model?
Emphasizes the efficient arrest and convictions of offenders
What is meant by evidence based practices in criminal justice?
Crime-fighting strategies that have been scientifically tested and are based on social science research
What is multiculturalism?
Society containing diverse groups that maintain unique cultural identities while accepting and participation in the larger society’s legal and political systems
What does a public order advocate believe?
Believe that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public, the interest of society should take precedence over individual rights
What is meant by the consensus model of criminal justice?
Assumes justice system components work together to achieve justice
What is a hate crime?
Any offense motivated by hatred against a victim because of his/her race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, handicap, or national orgin
What are the different types of terrorism?
Domestic, International, Cyber
What is terrorism?
A violent act or an act of danger to human life in violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any state, committed to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives.
What is meant by a transnational offense?
Unlawful activity that occurs across national boundaries
What is a white collar crime?
Financially motivated nonviolent crime committed by business and government professionals
What are cyber crimes?
Crimes committed using computers and computer technology. Many are traditional offenses that use technology, rather than new forms of offending.
What is the purpose of the Uniform Crime Reports?
To provide an annual summation of the incidence and rate of reported crimes throughout the United States
What important statistics can be found in the Uniform Crime Reports?
What is the purpose of the NCVS crime survey?
Used to determine the extent of criminal victimization - especially unreported victimization - in the United States
What is the difference between a spree and a serial killer?
Serial killers murder three or more people on sperate occasions. Spree killers murder two or more people in a short time, often in multiple locations
What is organized crime?
The unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in supplying illegal goods or services, including gambling, prostitution, loan-sharking, narcotics, and labor racketeering, and in other unlawful activities
What are some of the dynamics involved in crimes against women and the elderly?
more likely to be injured, more likely to modify the way they live because of threat of crime
How is heroin abused?
What is the importance of Naloxone?
Can reverse an overdose from opioids - including heroin, fentanyl, and prescription opioid medications
Which of the following types of users risk becoming addicted to the drug?
Could the misuse of prescription drugs such as oxycodone result in overdose?
What are the three types of law American criminal law is based on?
Statutory (laws enacted by legislatures), Case law (results from court interpretation of statutory law), and Common Law (refers to customs, traditions and judicial decisions that guide courts in decision making)
Can post-partum depression be used as a defense?
Yes
What is needed to prove an insanity defense?
Any unsoundness of mind that prevents an individual from differentiating between right and wrong conduct, and understanding the consequences of their actions
What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?
Felony: serious crimes punishable by prison sentences of one year and up
Misdemeanors: minor crime punishable by up to one year in prison and/or a fine
Where to statutory laws come from?
Legislatures and state statutory criminal code
What is case law?
Law that comes from judicial case
What elements do you need to charge Murder in the first degree?
Knowing that the murder is both willful and pre-meditated
How is robbery different from theft?
Robbery: forcibly taking property, use of force or threat of force
Theft: taking property from person without force
What is justifiable homicide?
Self defense
What are the elements of the crime of manslaugther?
recklessly cause persons death, intent to cause SPI but causes death, heat of passion
What are the elements of the crime of burglary?
unlawfully entering a structure to commit a crime
What are the different types of thefts?
What is meant by “mens rea?”
The state of mind that accompanies a criminal act. a.k.a a guilty mind
What is “corpus delecti”
The facts that show a crime has occurred. means the body of crime
