Chapters 1-2

Question 1

CA

Answer 1

Calcium

Question 2

Si

Answer 2

silicon

Question 3

C

Answer 3

carbon

Question 4

I

Answer 4

iodine

Question 5

Ag

Answer 5

silver

Question 6

Fe

Answer 6

iron

Question 7

Hg

Answer 7

mercury

Question 8

Au

Answer 8

gold

Question 9

What limitation of science prevents the study of origins from being true science?

Answer 9

Science can study only created matter and energy in the present.

Question 10

Who proposed the planetary model of the atom?

Answer 10

Ernest Rutherford

Question 11

What value does the prefix micro- represent?

Answer 11

Question 12

substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means, each one has an atomic symbol assigned to it

Answer 12

element

Question 13

group of two or more atoms that are linked by chemical bonds to form distinct units, notated as a subscript

Answer 13

molecule

Question 14

substance that can be decomposed by chemical means into simpler substances,

Answer 14

compound

Question 15

Which state of matter is defined by having a definite volume and the shape of its container

Answer 15

liquid

Question 16

Which state of matter is defined as having no definite shape or volume and being easily compressed

Answer 16

gas

Question 17

Matter reacts to change into other chemically different substances having different properties

Answer 17

chemical properties

Question 18

What subatomic particle does NOT have a charge?

Answer 18

neutron

Question 19

Which subatomic particle was Millikan’s oil-drop experiment used to measure the charge of?

Answer 19

electron

Question 20

Which subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus

Answer 20

electron

Question 21

Which branch of Chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds

Answer 21

organic chemistry

Question 22

Which branch of chemistry deals with identifying what substances are present in materials and how much of each substance is present?

Answer 22

analytical chemistry

Question 23

Name three principals of Dalton’s atomic theory.

Answer 23

1. Ever element consists of indivisible, indestructible particles called atoms.
2. All atoms of a particular element have the same size, mass, and chemical behavior.
3. The atoms of the elements in a compound are combined in a definite ratio.

Question 24

Which number in an atomic symbol gives the number of protons?

Answer 24

the atomic number - the subscript or bottom number

Question 25

What does the superscript or top number of an atomic symbol tell us?

Answer 25

mass number

Question 26

How do you find the number of neutrons from an atomic sympbol?

Answer 26

Subtract the subscript or atomic number from the superscript or mass number

Question 27

How do you find the number of electrons?

Answer 27

If neutral, the same as the number of protons or atomic numbers; if positive, subtract the charge from the number of protons since it needs fewer electrons; if negative, add the charge to the number of protons since it needs more electrons

Question 28

To convert scientific notation with a positive exponent to ordinary notation, move the decimal point to the ___.

Answer 28

right

Question 29

To convert scientific notation with a negative exponent to ordinary notation, move the decimal point to the ___.

Answer 29

left

Question 30

The law stating that the massess of each element in a given compound always have the same ratio is the law of

Answer 30

definite composition

Question 31

The value that equals an element's average atomic mass but lacks units is the element's

Answer 31

atomic weight

Question 32

A general explanation of why some part of the universe behaves the way it does

Answer 32

theory

Question 33

Chemists in two different labs completed the same experiment with the same methods and achieved results that were the same within significant digits demonstrate ___.

Answer 33

reproducibility

Question 34

As the temperature of a sample of matter increases, the kinect energy of its particles will ___.

Answer 34

increase

Question 35

The idea that refers to the consistency of reproduciblity or a measurement is ___.

Answer 35

precision

Question 36

What method of separating mixtures involves placing a drop of the mixture to be separated on a piece of absorbent paper and placing one edge of the paper in a suitable chemical solvent?

Answer 36

chromatography

Question 37

What method of separating mixtures involves dissolving a solid mixture in a small volume of hot solvent and slowly cooking it?

Answer 37

fractional crystaillization

Question 38

What is the rule for significant digits in addition and subtraction?

Answer 38

round your answer to the last place that is significat in the least certain measurement.

Question 39

What is the rule for significant digits in multiplication and division?

Answer 39

round your answer to the same number of significant digits as the factor having smallest number of significant digits.

Question 40

The average of a series of measurements should ...

Answer 40

NOT have more significant digits than the measured values

Question 41

When defining a problem, what else needs to be identified?

Answer 41

the criteria and constraints based on the function and limitations

Question 42

Which state of matter has kinetic energy?

Answer 42

gas

Question 43

Name three signs of chemical change

Answer 43

distinct change in color; formation of a precipitate, liberation of heat

Question 44

Who can a physical change be reversed?

Answer 44

physical process

Question 45

In dimensional analysis, what value should a conversion factor always equal?

Answer 45

one

Question 46

One what principal do scientists base the assumption that events in the universe have rational causes?

Answer 46

causality

Question 47

What theory states that a chemical reaction is the result of rearrangement, combination, or separation of atoms?

Answer 47

Dalton's atomic theory

Question 48

What technique spearates substances with similar boiling points by boiling the mixture beneath a tall column containing many surfaces on which vapor may condes?

Answer 48

fractional distillation

Question 49

What is the central portion of an atom that contains the most mass called?

Answer 49

nucleus

Question 50

What field of science deals with the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and with the changes that matter undergoes?

Answer 50

chemistry

Question 51

What instrument is used to measure atomic mass?

Answer 51

mass spectrometer

Question 52

What is a substance consisting of two or more pure substances physically mixed but not chemically combined?

Answer 52

mixture

Question 53

What is the bet explanation for why scientists concluded that electrons are part of every atom?

Answer 53

Cathode rays have the same properties regardless of cathode material.

Question 54

What step follows defining a problem?

Answer 54

Determining a design based on the criteria and constraints

Question 55

factor in an experiment that is changed to test the hypotheses

Answer 55

independent variable

Question 56

Which type of variable is observed or measured to determine the results of an experiment

Answer 56

dependent variable