Chapters 1 & 2 Flashcards
What is a personal trainer?
a person who educates and trains clients in the performance of safe and appropriate exercises to effectively lead them to optimal health.
What are the subjects a personal trainer should be educated in?
• Exercise programming
• Exercise physiology
• Functional anatomy and biomechanics
• Fitness assessments
• Nutrition and supplementation
• Common chronic diseases
• Basic emergency and safety procedures
• Psychological and physiological challenges throughout the stages of life
• Human behavior and motivation
What’s are the most important aspects of a successful health and wellness program?
the science of motivation and changing behaviors
Define the training effect:
The body’s adaptation to the learned and expected stress imposed by physical activity.
Define Resting Heart Rate (RHR)
The measure of heart rate when completely at rest.
Explain the training effect:
When the body experiences the training effect, it begins to change at the cellular level, allowing more energy to be released with less oxygen. The heart and capillaries become stronger and more dispersed to allow a more efficient flow of oxygen and nutrients. The muscles, tendons, and bones involved with this activity also strengthen to become more proficient. In time, the body releases unnecessary fat from its frame, and movements become more efficient. Additionally, resting heart rate and blood pressure drop.
Define blood pressure:
The force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries during the two phases of the cardiac cycle.
What are the basic principles of fitness training?
- Overload
- Specificity
- Individual differences
- Reversibility
- Periodization
- Rest
- Overtraining
- Stimulus variability
Define Hypertension:
High blood pressure measuring more than 140/90 mm Hg
Define Biomechanics:
The study of the mechanical laws governing movement of living organisms.
Define Chronic Diseases:
Conditions lasting a year or more that limits daily activities and/or require ongoing medical attention.
Define Risk Factors:
Variables associated with increased risk of disease or infection.
What are some primary risk factors for disease?
- Smoking
- High Cholesterol
- Physical Inactivity
- Low Fitness Level
- Hypertension
Define Obesity:
An abnormal or excessive accumulation of bodyfat that may cause additional health risks.
Define Joint:
An articulation between two bones in the body.
Define Cartilage:
Firm, flexible connective tissue that pads and protects joints and structural components of the body.