Chapters 1-13

Question 1

What can plants do that animals cannot?

Answer 1

Make food from non-living material (sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water)

Question 2

What organisms are in kingdom fungi?

Answer 2

Mushrooms, puffballs, yeasts, molds, mildews, truffles

Question 3

What important function in nature do mushrooms serve?

Answer 3

Decomposition- break down dead trees and other plant life, returning to the soil

Question 4

Who discovered penicillin?

Answer 4

Alexander Fleming

Question 5

What is symbiosis? Give an example from Chapter 2

Answer 5

Symbiosis is two organisms that live together to the benefit of both. Example: lichen- a layer of algae sandwiched between two layers of fungi. Algae produce food for the fungi. Fungi shield the algae and break rocks into minerals the algae can use for food production.

Question 6

What characteristic is shared by all members of kingdom Protista?

Answer 6

All protista have only a single cell.

Question 7

Name the five kingdom.

Answer 7

Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protista, Bacteria

Question 8

What does anaerobic mean?

Answer 8

LIfe without air

Question 9

What does the Latin word for rodent mean?

Answer 9

To gnaw

Question 10

Who developed the scientific naming (binomial classification) system?

Answer 10

Carl Linnaeus

Question 11

What two parts from the scientific name?

Answer 11

Genus and Species (Genus is the group name. Species is the specific name.)

Question 12

What is zoology?

Answer 12

The study of animals

Question 13

What is botany?

Answer 13

The study of plants

Question 14

When a seed starts to grow, it is said to _____________.

Answer 14

germinate

Question 15

What is a biennial?

Answer 15

A plant that has a two-year life cycle (seeds produced in second year)

Question 16

What is an annual?

Answer 16

A plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season

Question 17

What is a perennial?

Answer 17

A plant that lives for several years before producing fruit and seeds

Question 18

What is the “food factory” of the plant?

Answer 18

The leaves of the plant

Question 19

What gives leaves their green color?

Answer 19

chlorophyll

Question 20

What is the first step in digestion? How does this step promote digestion?

Answer 20

The first step in digestion is mechanical digestion-chewing food into smaller pieces. Small pieces of food are more easily altered by chemical action, the next step in digestion.

Question 21

what are the five types of tastes?

Answer 21

Sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami

Question 22

What chemical in the stomach helps digest protein?

Answer 22

pepsin

Question 23

What chemical in the stomach improves the action of pepsin?

Answer 23

hydrochloric acid

Question 24

What do spiders prey upon?

Answer 24

Insects and other small life

Question 25

What are the two varieties of spiders in the United States that can harm humans?

Answer 25

The black widow and the brown recluse

Question 26

Where does the word arachnid come from?

Answer 26

The word arachnid comes from the Greek myth of Arachne, a girl whose weaving of cloth was so skillful that the Greek gods grew jealous and turned her into a spider, condemned to weave webs forever.

Question 27

What feature is common to all arthropods?

Answer 27

Exoskeleton- a hard outer covering that gives structure and protection to the arthropod

Question 28

Of what is the exoskeleton made?

Answer 28

Chitin- a compound similar to the material that makes human fingernails

Question 29

Which phylum has the most numerous species?

Answer 29

Arthropod

Question 30

What are the five types of vertebrates that are well known to humans?

Answer 30

Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Question 31

Are fish cold-blooded or warm-blooded

Answer 31

cold-blooded

Question 32

What does amphibian mean?

Answer 32

“Life on both sides,” referring to water and land

Question 33

Are amphibians cold-blooded or warm-blooded?

Answer 33

cold-blooded

Question 34

How do reptiles gain the heat they need to be active?

Answer 34

Reptiles are cold-blooded, so they must gain their heat from the warmth of the sun.

Question 35

What is torpor?

Answer 35

A state of inactivity

Question 36

State the classification for snakes, including class, order, and suborder.

Answer 36

class: Reptile; order: Squamata; suborder: Serpent

Question 37

What information does a snake gather as it flicks its forked tongue in and out?

Answer 37

The tongue collects airborne chemicals that tell it where prey might be. Its function is similar to the sense of smell.

Question 38

What mammal can actually fly?

Answer 38

bat

Question 39

What does nocturnal mean?

Answer 39

“active at night”

Question 40

What does diurnal mean?

Answer 40

“active during the day”

Question 41

What is the largest mammal?

Answer 41

blue whale

Question 42

What is the largest land mammal?

Answer 42

elephant