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Bio Diversity > Chaptern32 — sponges > Flashcards

Chaptern32 — sponges Flashcards

1
Q

Animal defining traits:

A

Multicellular eukaryotes

Heterotrophic

structural protein (rather than cell walls)

nervous and muscle tissue

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2
Q

Groups of similar cells that act as a functional unit

A

Tissues

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3
Q

Characteristics of animal reproduction

A

mostly sexual

Diploid stage dominate

Sperm and egg cells are produced by meiotic divisions

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4
Q

Succession of cell division with out growth between divisions

A

Cleavage

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5
Q

Blastula

A

Result of cleavage

  • often in form of a hollow ball of cells
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6
Q

Bastula undergoes ______

A

Gastrulation

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7
Q

Process that forms a gastrula with different layers of embryonic tissues

A

Gastrulation

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8
Q

Characteristics of larva:

A

Sexually immature

Morphologically and behaviorally distinct from adult stage

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9
Q

Process in which larvae become juveniles

A

Metamorphosis

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10
Q

Unique family of regulatory genes
– control the expression of many other genes that influence morphology

A

Hox genes

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11
Q

Closest living relatives to modern animals

A

Choanoflagellates

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12
Q

fossils classified as (or closely related to):

Mollusks

Sponges

Cnidarians

A

Ediacaran Fossils

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13
Q

Parts arranged on a single axis

Ex: most cnidarians, jellyfish, sea anemone

A

Radial symmetry

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14
Q

Parts arranged around two axes

Ex: people, owl, lobster

A

Bilateral symmetry

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15
Q

Characteristics of bilaterians

A

Bilaterally symmetric form

Complete digestive tract

Digestive system with mouth and anus at opposite ends

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16
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Lophotrochozoa

17
Q

Syndermata

A

Lophotrochozoa

18
Q

Ectoprocta

A

Lophotrochozoa

19
Q

Brachiopoda

A

Lophotrochozoa

20
Q

Annelida

A

Lophotrochozoa

21
Q

Mollusca

A

Lophotrochozoa

22
Q

Gastrotricha

A

Lophotrochozoa

23
Q

Cycliophora

A

Lophotrochozoa

24
Q

Nemertea

A

Lophotrochozoa

25
Q

Loricifera

A

Ecdysozoa

26
Q

Porifera

A

A sponge

27
Q

Basal animals that lack tissues

A

Sponges

28
Q

Central cavity where water is drawn

A

Spongocoel

29
Q

Where water flows out of sponges during filter feeding

A

Osculum

30
Q

Flagellated collar cells, engulf bacteria and food particles by phagocytosis

(sponge)

A

Choanocytes

31
Q

Gelatinous region that separates two layers of calls in sponges

A

Mesohyl

32
Q

Totipotent cells within the mesohyl that digest food, transport nutrients and make skeletal fibers

(Sponge)

A

Amoebocytes

33
Q

Most sponges are _______ meaning each functions as both male and female

A

Hermaphrodites

34
Q

Porifera skeletons are made up of:

A

Structural protein - collagen

Spongin - special forms of collagen

Spicules - composed of CaCo3 or Si

Bio Diversity (3 decks)

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