Chapter5 Flashcards
define situational variables:
Characteristics of situation or environment
Define variable:
Aspect of a testing condition that can change or take on different characteristics with different conditions
Define subject variable:
Characteristics of subjects that cannot be controlled but can only be selected
Define behavioral variable:
Responses of subjects
Define dependent variable:
Measure of behavior of subject reflecting effects of IV
Define independent variable:
Condition manipulated or selected by experimenter to determine its effects on DV
Define levels:
The different values of IV
Define intervening variable:
Inferred process mediating the effects of a situational variable on a behavioral variable
Define confounded variable:
Extraneous variable that varied along with the IV and cannot be separated
Define nominal scale:
Divide objects or events into categories; no numerical or quantitative properties
Define ordinal scale:
A measurement that both assigns objects or events a name (nominal ) and arranges them in order of their magnitude
Define interval scale:
A measurement that the differences between numbers are meaningful; includes both nominal and ordinal information; no meaningful zero point
Define ratio scale:
Having a meaningful zero point as well as all of nominal, ordinal and interval properties
Define permissive transformations; what will it change as from nominal to ratio scales?
The way that we can alter the assignment of numbers to individual events without distorting the scale.
Become fewer
The difference between variability and error variation (random error):
For variability, both IV and dab will vary; for error variation, it is a variability in the DV that is not associated with IV
4 principles that should be followed when conducting research involving several stimulus:
1 the stimuli should cover as much of the range as practicable.
2 the stimuli should be close enough together to prevent overlooking any interesting relationship between the stimuli
3 in within-subjects designs, when a participant is to experience all stimuli in a single session, at least seven stimuli should be presented if possible.
4 if the continuum is quantitative, logarithmically spacing the stimuli may be advisable
Define criterion validity:
Test correlates with other tests of theoretical term
Define real limit:
The number assigned to a value converted into an interval spanning plus or minus half the distance to the next number
Dependent will vary with:
The behaviors of subjects
