chapter33 Flashcards
When discussing aging, to whom does the term older adulthood apply?
a. Age 55 and above
b. Age 65 and above
c. Age 70 and above
d. Age 75 and above
b. Age 65 and above
When the nurse discusses prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression with a group
of older adults, the benefits of what are important to stress?
a. Nutrition
b. Medications
c. Exercise
d. Sleep
c. Exercise
When was the Social Security Act, which was the first major legislation providing financial
security for older adults, passed?
a. 1930
b. 1935
c. 1940
d. 1945
b. 1935
When assessing the skin of an older adult patient who is complaining of pruritus, what
should the nurse advise the patient to avoid to reduce further drying of herskin?
a. Perfumed soap
b. Hard-milled soap
c. Antibacterial soap
d. Lotion soap
c. Antibacterial soap
Because thin skin and lack of subcutaneous fat predisposes the older adult to pressure
injuries, the nurse alters the care plan to include turning the bedfast patient howoften?
a. Once every shift
b. Every 4 hours
c. Each evening
d. Every 2 hours
d. Every 2 hours
At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared
to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?
a. More fluids
b. Less calcium
c. Fewer calories
d. More vitamins
c. Fewer calories
The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no
appetite. What is this most likely caused by?
a. Tasteless food
b. Overuse of salt
c. Lack of variety
d. Loss of taste buds
d. Loss of taste buds
An older adult is having difficulty swallowing. What position should the nurse recommend
to aid in swallowing?
a. Chin parallel
b. Chin upward
c. Chin down
d. Chin to the side
c. Chin down
The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk. What
should the nurse suggest to fulfill calcium needs?
a. Rye bread
b. Yogurt
c. Apples
d. Raisins
b. Yogurt
The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. This problem is most likely
related to:
a. loss of bladder tone.
b. decrease in testosterone.
c. decrease in bladder capacity.
d. intake of caffeine.
c. decrease in bladder capacity.
The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she sneezes. What is
the correct terminology for this type of incontinence?
a. Urge incontinence
b. Stress incontinence
c. Overflow incontinence
d. Functional incontinence
b. Stress incontinence
A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel
elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?
a. Confusion
b. Tachycardia
c. Hypertension
d. Retained secretions
c. Hypertension
What should be suggested to a patient to aid with the pain of claudication?
a. Rest
b. Exercise
c. Cross legs
d. Stand
a. Rest
The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote inhalation of
adequate oxygen. What is this method of breathing called?
a. Pursed-lip breathing
b. Increased inspiration
c. Vital capacity
d. Decreased expiration
a. Pursed-lip breathing
The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has decreased
resistance to respiratory infections. For what is this patient at increased risk?
a. COPD
b. Bronchitis
c. Pneumonia
d. Atelectasis
c. Pneumonia
The nurse recognizes that an older adult patient with COPD has a higher incidence of
developing which age-related skeletal change that will alter the ability to exchange air
effectively?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Arthritis
c. Kyphosis
d. Osteomyelitis
c. Kyphosis
What is a major difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
a. Rheumatoid arthritis is degenerative.
b. Rheumatoid arthritis only affects patients over 40 years of age.
c. Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
d. Rheumatoid arthritis is curable.
c. Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age-related changes in the
musculoskeletal system?
a. Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium
b. Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate
c. Respiratory failure due to kyphosis
d. Falls related to posture changes
d. Falls related to posture changes
The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenly the patient begins to
fall. What is the likely cause ofthe fall?
a. Fever
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Dehydration
d. A decrease in venous return
b. Orthostatic hypotension
To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, what type of exercises should be selected
for the aging patient?
a. Daily
b. Running
c. Weight-bearing
d. Aerobic
c. Weight-bearing
What is the best test to identify the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women?
a. Skeletal x-ray
b. Bone density scan
c. Calcium blood level
d. CAT scan
b. Bone density scan
When an older female patient complains of painful sexual intercourse, what should the nurse
recognize as the probable cause?
a. Urinary incontinence
b. Arthritic joints
c. Kyphosis
d. Mucosal drying
d. Mucosal drying
What is age-related vision change caused by the loss of elasticity of the lens called?
a. Nearsightedness
b. Cataracts
c. Presbyopia
d. Blepharitis
c. Presbyopia
When communicating with an older adult patient who has difficulty hearing, how should the
nurse change her speech?
a. Speak very loudly
b. Speak rapidly
c. Lower the tone of the voice
d. Raise the tone of the voice
c. Lower the tone of the voice
Which symptom of diabetes distorts tactile sensation?
a. Proprioception
b. Loss of visual acuity
c. Progressive paresis
d. Peripheral neuropathy
d. Peripheral neuropathy
What is the result of a slowing of the impulse transmission in the nervoussystem?
a. Hypertension
b. Hearing deficit
c. Decrease in tactile sensations
d. Longer reaction time
d. Longer reaction time
What is the most common cause of dementia?
a. Multi infarct
b. Medications
c. Alzheimer’s disease
d. Parkinson disease
c. Alzheimer’s disease
What is one positive aspect of Parkinson disease?
a. The disease does not alter ability to communicate.
b. Anti-Parkinson drugs have few side effects.
c. Intellectual function is not impaired.
d. Involuntary movements can be controlled.
c. Intellectual function is not impaired.
When should family members of a stroke victim expect to see some of the neurologic
involvement disappear?
a. Within 2 to 3 weeks
b. Within 1 to 2 months
c. Within 3 to 6 months
d. Within 6 to 9 months
c. Within 3 to 6 months
When communicating with an older adult patient, the nurse becomes aware of the fact that
the patient is well satisfied with his accomplishments over a lifetime and has no regrets
concerning aging. Which of Erikson’s developmental stages has the patient achieved?
a. Acceptance
b. Withdrawal
c. Ego integrity
d. Interaction
c. Ego integrity
Which areas are affected only minimally by age?
a. Physical activity
b. Productivity
c. Cognition
d. Sexuality
c. Cognition
How often does a 76-year-old need a screening for preventive health?
a. Every 2 years
b. Every 6 months
c. Every 3 years
d. Every year
d. Every year
When assessing the older adult, the nurse considers which aspect of the patient’s routine as a
possible contributor to constipation?
a. Intake of antacids several times a day
b. Taking a laxative once a week
c. Excessive exercise routine
d. Eating two apples a day
a. Intake of antacids several times a day
What should the nurse do to help the dysphagic patient? (Select all that apply.)
a. Sit the patient upright.
b. Reduce distraction during mealtime.
c. Offer fluid from a straw.
d. Thicken liquids.
e. Cue the patient to swallow.
A, B, D, E
Which statements are myths that have been disproved concerning aging? (Select all that
apply.)
a. All older adults are senile.
b. Most older adults live in their own homes.
c. Older adults are poor.
d. Older adults have frequent contact with family members.
e. Older adults are disabled.
ANS: A, C, E
Which approaches should be included when teaching medication safety to an older,
homebound adult? (Select all that apply.)
a. Always dispose of expired medications in the toilet or the sink; never throw them
in the trash can.
b. Never share medications with others.
c. If a medication is not finished as prescribed, save it for future use.
d. Keep medications in their original containers.
e. Always request childproof containers, even if the patient has trouble opening the
lids.
A, B, D
When bathing an 80-year-old woman who lives on a farm, the nurse assesses brown
macules on the patient’s hands and forearms. The nurse recognizes these as ?
lentigo
The nurse initiates the application of a draw sheet on every bedfast patient on her unit to
facilitate lifting and to prevent _ forces.
shearing
The nurse recognizes that a term referring to mechanical difficulty of swallowing is ?
ANS: dysphagia
